Effects of heavy metals contained in soil irrigated with a mixture of sewage sludge and effluent for thirty years on soil microbial biomass and plant growth

Katanda, Yeukai; Mushonga, C.; Banganayi, F.; Nyamangara, Justice

doi:10.1016/j.pce.2007.07.016

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The high soil concentrations of the metals (Table 1) explain their extremely high tissue concentrations, except Cu, in all the plants sampled from the site. The elevated levels of heavy metals in soils is a result of long-term application of sewage sludge, an assertion which is supported by several other researchers (Madyiwa et al, 2004;Mapanda et al, 2005;Katanda et al, 2007;Bergkvistet al, 2003). A survey done by Snyman et al (2004) showed that 61% and 44% of sludges surveyed in South Africa exceeded the limits for Ni and Zn, with 35% exceeding the limits for at least two metals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Accumulation of multiple heavy metals in plants grown on soil treated with sewage sludge for more than 50 years presents health risks and an opportunity for phyto-remediation

Mbangi

Muchaonyerwa

Zengeni

2018

WSA

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Long-term application of sewage leads to heavy metal accumulation in soils, causing serious risks to plants, humans, animals and the environment, and phytoremediation could be essential. A study was conducted to determine the concentration of heavy metals in self-seeding vegetables, amaranthus (Amaranthus dubius), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), black nightshade (Solanum nigrum), Rumex pulcher and turf grass, grown on land treated with sewage sludge for over 50 years. A pot experiment was conducted to determine phytoremediation potential of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea), lucern (Medicago sativa), vetch (Vicia sativa), rape (Brassica napus) and ryegrass (Lolium perenne), using the same soil. Another pot experiment was conducted to determine effects on tissue metal composition of Indian mustard of adding increasing concentrations of EDTA. All the self-seeding vegetables had tissue Zn, Cu, Cr, Ni, Cd and Pb concentrations higher than toxicity thresholds. Turf grass tissue had higher concentrations of all the metals than all the self-seeding vegetables growing on the soil. Indian mustard and rape had the highest biomass and tissue concentration of most of the metals studied. Addition of EDTA to the soil drastically increased uptake of Zn, Cu, Cd and Pb but not Cr and Ni. The findings of this study imply that self-seeding vegetables and turf grass growing on the polluted soils pose serious health risks and that Indian mustard, and to some extent rape, have potential for phytoremediation, especially if grown on the soil treated with EDTA.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Accumulation of multiple heavy metals in plants grown on soil treated with sewage sludge for more than 50 years presents health risks and an opportunity for phyto-remediation

Mbangi

Muchaonyerwa

Zengeni

2018

WSA

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“…Gallegos et al 1999;Viswanathan et al 1999;De Feo et al 2007). In a study of groundwater quality of an aquifer Cadmium, zinc, copper and chromium Table 4 species grown on soils that had been irrigated with sewage sludge and effluent for more than 29 years (Katanda et al 2007;Madyiwa et al 2002). By comparison, the uptake of non-essential heavy metals such as nickel and lead were almost negligible (0 2 1.5 mg kg 21 ).…”

Section: Total and Faecal Coliform Countsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term impacts of pasture irrigation with treated sewage effluent on shallow groundwater quality

Gwenzi

Munondo

2008

Water Science and Technology

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The study investigated the effects of 26 years of effluent irrigation on chemical and bacteriological quality of shallow (<3.0 m) groundwater. Annual loading rates for N and P exceeded pasture requirements, while trace metals were either lower or higher than guideline limits. Effluent irrigation removed TN (44-71%), TP (80%), Cr (96%) and coliform bacteria (87-99.9%) while Zn, Cu and Cd removal was negligible probably due to their enhanced mobility. Analysis of groundwater samples from effluent-irrigated and non-irrigated control sites showed that effluent irrigation increased the levels of all measured parameters compared to the control. Average groundwater quality parameters from effluent-irrigated sites compared to the control were: pH (6.1 vs. 5.7), EC (0.71 vs. 0.53 dS m(-1)), concentrations (mg L(-1)) for TP (2.3 vs. 0.3), DP (1.0 vs. 0.1), TN (15.1 vs. 2.5), NH(4)-N (2.6 vs. 0.5), NO(3)-N (4.1 vs. 1.3), Zn (0.4 vs. 0.05), Cu (0.13 vs. 0.02), Cd (0.05 vs. 0.01) and Cr (0.06 vs. 0.03). Across effluent-irrigated sites, FC and TC were 25 and 288 cfu/100 ml, respectively, versus nil for the control. Overall, effluent irrigation led to groundwater contamination by N, P, trace metals and coliform bacteria, which could threaten the long-term sustainability of the practice.

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“…; Katanda et al . ). Therefore, it is necessary to carry out investigations to discover other new feed additives.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effects of supplemental palygorskite instead of zinc oxide on growth performance, apparent nutrient digestibility and fecal zinc excretion in weaned piglets

Tang

Wang

Zhang

2014

Animal Science Journal

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The aim of this study was to determine the effects of dietary supplementation of palygorskite instead of zinc oxide (ZnO) on growth performance, apparent nutrient digestibility and zinc contents in serum and feces in weaned piglets. One hundred and sixty-five piglets (28 days of age, 7.10 ± 0.86 kg) were allotted to five treatments on the basis of weight and sex. Each treatment included three replicates of 11 piglets. The piglets were fed the same basal diet supplemented with 0 mg/kg (control group), 1800 mg/kg, 2400 mg/kg, or 3000 mg/kg palygorskite or 2500 mg/kg ZnO for 28 days. There was no significant difference for incidence of diarrhea among the four treatments during the 0-14-day feeding period. Compared with the control group, piglets offered diets supplemented with 1800 mg/kg palygorskite had higher (P < 0.05) average daily gain (ADG) and crude protein digestibility. Fecal digestibility of energy in 1800 mg/kg palygorskite and ZnO groups were higher (P < 0.05) than that in the control group. Both the zinc concentrations in serum and fecal zinc excretion in palygorskite groups and control group were all lower (P < 0.05) than that in the ZnO group. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with 1800 mg/kg palygorskite can improve growth performance and nutrient digestibility and can also decrease zinc excretion in feces in weaned piglets.

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Effects of heavy metals contained in soil irrigated with a mixture of sewage sludge and effluent for thirty years on soil microbial biomass and plant growth

Cited by 9 publications

References 20 publications

Accumulation of multiple heavy metals in plants grown on soil treated with sewage sludge for more than 50 years presents health risks and an opportunity for phyto-remediation

Accumulation of multiple heavy metals in plants grown on soil treated with sewage sludge for more than 50 years presents health risks and an opportunity for phyto-remediation

Long-term impacts of pasture irrigation with treated sewage effluent on shallow groundwater quality

Effects of supplemental palygorskite instead of zinc oxide on growth performance, apparent nutrient digestibility and fecal zinc excretion in weaned piglets

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