Effects of hypoxia on dopamine concentration and the immune response of White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)

Abstract

Effects of hypoxia on the dopamine concentration and the immune response of White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei were studied. The results showed that hypoxia had significant effects on the concentration of dopamine (DA) in the haemolymph, haemocyte count, phenoloxidase activity, phagocytic activity of haemocytes and bacteriolytic and antibacterial activity in the haemolymph (P<0.05). The concentration of the dopamine in haemolymph reached its maximum in the 3.0 and 1.5 mg L -1 DO groups at 12 h and 6 h, and then returned to normal after 24 h and 12 h, respectively. All immune parameters decreased with the reduction of dissolved oxygen. Total haemocyte count (THC), the hyaline cells and semi-granular cells in the 3.0 mg L -1 DO group became stable after 12 h, while granular cells did so after 24 h. The THC and different haemocyte count (DHC) in the 1.5 mg L -1 DO group became stable after 24 h. Phenoloxidase activity and bacteriolytic activity in the 3.0 and 1.5 mg L -1 DO groups reached their stable levels after 24 h and 12 h respectively, while phagocytic activity and antibacterial activity became stable after 24 and 12, and 36 and 24 h, respectively. It was also indicated that the changes of dopamine concentrations in haemolymph, haemocyte count and phenoloxidase activity were obviously related to the exposure time under hypoxic conditions.

Performance of a photo-heterotrophic, hypersaline system for intensive cultivation of white leg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) with minimal water replacement in lined ponds using a stochastic approach

“…We also found that the mortality rate ( z ) was negatively related to dissolved oxygen, indicating a negative effect of low dissolved oxygen on shrimp survival as reported by Allan and Maguire (), Jiang, Pan and Bo () and Hu, Luqing and Futao ().…”

Effect of hypoxia on immunological, physiological response, and hepatopancreatic metabolism of juvenile Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis

“…L. vannamei following 48-h exposure to hypoxia at 4.00 kPa decreased its THC by 40.4% (Mikulski et al 2000). Hu et al (2009) found THC and the hyaline cells decreased in the 7.85 and 3.93 kPa DO after 12 and 24 h, respectively. These observations indicated that hypoxia suppressed their immune abilities, however, in this present study the exposure time was only 24 h, the reductions in THC and hyaline cells could not all be due to the reduction of immune, it could partly respond appropriately to an impending condition deterioration threat to health.…”

Time‐series response of immune enzymes and catecholamines in juvenile sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus during long‐term live transport

“…However, Tan et al () conducted a simulated transport test using large‐size (6.32 ± 0.21 g) sea cucumbers in laboratory, and the levels of NE and DOP both notably increased during 3 hr of damp transport or water transport. In addition, both air exposure exerted on the octopus Eledone cirrhosa (Malham, Lacoste, Gelebart, Cueff, & Poulet, ) and hypoxic stress on white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei (Hu, Pan, & Jing, ), resulted in elevation of catecholamine amounts. Given that the neuroendocrine response changed with the nature and extent of stressor, all the juveniles in this study were stored at a lower temperature, maintained using bagged ice and foam thermal insulation boxes.…”