Effects of Nostoc sphaeroids Kütz polysaccharide on renal fibrosis in high‐fat mice

Abstract

In this study, we investigated the effects of Nostoc sphaeroids Kütz polysaccharide (NSKP) on renal fibrosis in high‐fat mice. ApoE−/− male mice were randomly divided into four groups: control (Cont) group, high‐fat diet (HFD) group, HFD+0.4 g/kg BW NSKP, and HFD+0.8 g/kg BW NSKP (NSKP groups). The Cont was fed a standard diet. The HFD group was fed HFD. Every day, NSKP groups were fed HFD, as well as given 0.4 g/kg BW or 0.8 g/kg BW NSKP. After 22 weeks, the serum biochemical indices (TC, TG, LDL‐C, HDL‐C, GLU, BUN, and SCR) were measured. For the kidney, the histopathological sections were observed and analyzed, and inflammatory factors and markers of renal fibrosis were measured. For the NSKP groups, the serum TC, TG, LDL‐C, BUN, and SCR were decreased, HDL‐C significantly increased compared with the HFD group. The protein expressions of TNF‐α, IL‐1β, and TGF‐β1 were significantly downregulated. The α‐SMA in renal cortex was decreased, and the mRNA expression of Col‐I and Col‐IV in renal collagen fibers was downregulated. To sum up, NSKP reduced the blood lipid of HFD mice, downregulated the inflammation of kidney, inhibited the expression of collagen fiber, and improved the renal fibrosis caused by long‐term lipid metabolism disorder.

Tea Polysaccharide Ameliorates High-Fat Diet-Induced Renal Tubular Ectopic Lipid Deposition via Regulating the Dynamic Balance of Lipogenesis and Lipolysis

“…As a critical exogenous risk factor, long-term consumption of HFD will inevitably lead to abnormal elevation of serum FA levels, which are further taken by renal tubules and stored as triglyceride, leading to renal tubular ELD . Emerging studies have shown that renal tubular ELD could cause lipotoxic damage to intrinsic renal tubular cells, following a pathology typified by hyperactivation of intracellular metabolic, oxidative, and inflammatory pathways that could ultimately provoke cell death. , Recently, several bioactive polysaccharides derived from natural products have been shown in evidence-based studies to be beneficial in countering HFD-induced metabolic disorders, including renal tubular ELD, , indicating that prolonged supplementation of such natural polysaccharides may be a beneficial strategy to reduce the risk of renal tubular ELD and CKD. Previously, we reported a homogeneous tea polysaccharide, TPS3A, with a strong potential to ameliorate HFD-exposed lipid metabolism disturbances in ApoE –/– mice .…”