Effects of <i>Ophiostoma ulmi</i> and <i>Ophiostoma novo‐ulmi</i> culture filtrates on elm cultures from genotypes with different susceptibility to Dutch elm disease

Díez, Julio Javier; Gil, Luís

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0329.1998.tb01194.x

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Our results are not conclusive on the effect of regulation on U. minor forests. Surveyed bands characterized by the ‘Xeric/Slow‐water/Flood‐tolerant’ guild were very few and mortality of this species could be a consequence of Dutch elm disease (Díez & Gil ). Exotic species, such as R. pseudoacacia and A. negundo , were found more frequently on newly emerged areas, associated with Salix spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of riparian guilds to flow alterations in a Mediterranean stream

Bejarano

Tánago

Jalón

et al. 2011

J Vegetation Science

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Questions: Do Mediterranean riparian guilds show distinct responses to stream water declines? If observed, which are the most sensitive and resilient guilds and their most affected attributes?Location: Tiétar river below the Rosarito dam, central-western Spain. Methods:We identified riparian guilds based on key woody species features and species distribution within this Mediterranean river corridor, and evaluated similarity of their responses to long-term flow alteration (i.e. stream water declines since dam construction in 1959). Hierarchical cluster analysis was used to group surveyed vegetation bands according to species composition. The groups were designated as riparian guilds where each vegetation group comprising a guild: (1) contains species sharing similar features (using PCA); and (2) shares a similar environment (using DCA). Changes in several guild attributes (i.e. dominance and species composition, diversity and establishment patterns) during the regulated period were compared statistically. We used pre-and post-dam established vegetation bands identified based on old (1956) and modern (2006) aerial photographs and field measurements of woody species diameter. Results:Responses to flow alterations varied between guilds according to ecological requirements of their species. The ability to survive water stress (i.e. 'Xeric' guilds) and drag forces caused by floods ('Torrential' guilds) allowed certain pioneer shrub-dominated guilds (e.g. Flueggea tinctoria and Salix salviifolia) to spread on newly emerged surfaces downward to the main channel after flow alterations, although new shrubland had less species diversity than pre-dam shrubland. In contrast, new hydromorphological conditions following damming limited recruitment of native late-successional tree guilds sensitive to floods (to drag forces, inundation and anoxia; i.e. 'Slow-water' and 'Flood-sensitive', respectively) and those with greater water requirements (i.e. 'Hydric') (e.g. Alnus glutinosa and Celtis australis), although species diversity increased in this mature forest through co-existence of remaining riparian species and new arrival of upland species.Conclusions: Changes in several riparian attributes after flow alterations differed between guilds. Stream water declines after damming caused shifts in species-poor pioneer shrubland downwards to the watered channel, resulting in severe declines of mature native forest. Understanding vegetation guild responses provides information about general trends in plant populations and assemblage structures expected to occur during river development and flow regulation, increasing our capacity to detect and synthesize complex flow alteration-riparian ecosystem response relationships, and anticipate irreversible impacts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of riparian guilds to flow alterations in a Mediterranean stream

Bejarano

Tánago

Jalón

et al. 2011

J Vegetation Science

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“…In vitro callus culture setups have already been used for research on host pathogen interaction for example in Elm trees to identify Dutch elm disease resistant genotypes [ 51 ][ 52 ] or for resistant plant breeding in e.g. maize [ 53 ], potato [ 54 ] or tobacco[ 55 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differing Alterations of Two Esca Associated Fungi, Phaeoacremonium aleophilum and Phaeomoniella chlamydospora on Transcriptomic Level, to Co-Cultured Vitis vinifera L. calli

et al. 2016

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The filamentous fungi Phaeoacremonium aleophilum (P.al, Teleomorph: Togninia minima) and Phaeomoniella chlamydospora (P.ch) are believed to be causal agents of wood symptoms associated with the Esca associated young vine decline. The occurrence of these diseases is dramatically increasing in vineyards all over the world whereas efficient therapeutic strategies are lacking. Both fungi occupy the same ecological niche within the grapevine trunk. We found them predominantly within the xylem vessels and surrounding cell walls which raises the question whether the transcriptional response towards plant cell secreted metabolites is comparable. In order to address this question we co-inoculated grapevine callus culture cells with the respective fungi and analyzed their transcriptomes by RNA sequencing. This experimental setup appears suitable since we aimed to investigate the effects caused by the plant thereby excluding all effects caused by other microorganisms omnipresent in planta and nutrient depletion. Bioinformatics analysis of the sequencing data revealed that 837 homologous genes were found to have comparable expression pattern whereas none of which was found to be differentially expressed in both strains upon exposure to the plant cells. Despite the fact that both fungi induced the transcription of oxido- reductases, likely to cope with reactive oxygen species produced by plant cells, the transcriptomics response of both fungi compared to each other is rather different in other domains. Within the transcriptome of P.ch beside increased transcript levels for oxido- reductases, plant cell wall degrading enzymes and detoxifying enzymes were found. On the other hand in P.al the transcription of some oxido- reductases was increased whereas others appeared to be repressed. In this fungus the confrontation to plant cells results in higher transcript levels of heat shock and chaperon-like proteins as well as genes encoding proteins involved in primary metabolism.

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“…pension cultures (Corchete et al, 1993a;Diez and Gil, 1998a;Eshita et al, 2000), callus cultures (Pijut et al, 1990 a, b;Diez, 1996;Gartland et al, 2000) and cell colonies cultured by a plating technique (Biondi et al, 1991;Diez and Gil, 1998b;Diez and Gil, 1999) have been used in order to determine resistance mechanisms to the disease, the efficiency of in vitro selection of resistant elms, and to optimise genetic transformation techniques. Extensive research programmes have developed micropropagation procedures for diverse elm species such as U. campestris (Biondi et al, 1984), U. americana (Bolyard et al, 1991), U. laevis (Dorion et al, 1994), U. parvifolia (Lange, 1981), U. procera (Fenning et al, 1993), U. pumila (Corchete et al, 1993b;Kapaun and Cheng, 1997) and U. minor (Dorion et al, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micropropagation of Ulmus minor and U. minor x U. pumila from 4-year-old ramets

Díez

Gil

2004

For. syst.

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As part of the Spanish breeding programme against Dutch elm disease, investigations were undertaken on reproduction of Ulmus minor by means of tissue culture. Microshoots were obtained from nodal segments, collected from terminal twigs of 4-year-old ramets of selected clones of this species and of U. minor x U. pumila, and cultured on a modified Murashige & Skoog medium containing 6-Benzylaminopurine (BA). When subcultured, the microshoots or nodal segments excised from these, formed new shoots, their maximum numbers per explant (1.94 to 2) being obtained with the hybrid clone M-TC2 on media containing 3.5 to 8.8 μM BA. The number of microshoots obtained was highest with subcultures of the whole shoot, e.g. 6.9 times superior to control, against 1.5 with nodal segments of VJR1 in presence of 8.8 μM BA. The addition of 0.5 to 5.3 μM indole-acetic acid of α-naphthaleneacetic acid to the medium induced the highest percentage of root formation from the shoots. Both shoot and root formation varied greatly among clones.

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Effects of Ophiostoma ulmi and Ophiostoma novo‐ulmi culture filtrates on elm cultures from genotypes with different susceptibility to Dutch elm disease

Cited by 12 publications

References 17 publications

Responses of riparian guilds to flow alterations in a Mediterranean stream

Responses of riparian guilds to flow alterations in a Mediterranean stream

Differing Alterations of Two Esca Associated Fungi, Phaeoacremonium aleophilum and Phaeomoniella chlamydospora on Transcriptomic Level, to Co-Cultured Vitis vinifera L. calli

Micropropagation of Ulmus minor and U. minor x U. pumila from 4-year-old ramets

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