Effects ofε-viniferin, a dehydrodimer of resveratrol, on transepithelial active ion transport and ion permeability in the rat small and large intestinal mucosa

Abstract

ε‐Viniferin is a dehydrodimer of resveratrol, a polyphenol synthesized in many plants, including grapevine. The present study investigated the effects of ε‐viniferin and resveratrol on epithelial secretory and barrier functions in isolated rat small and large intestinal mucosa. Mucosa–submucosa tissue preparations of various segments of the rat large and small intestines were mounted on Ussing chambers, and short‐circuit current (I sc) and tissue conductance (G t) were continuously measured. The mucosal addition of ε‐viniferin (>10−5 mol/L) and resveratrol (>10−4 mol/L) to the cecal mucosa, which was the most sensitive region, induced an increase in I sc and a rapid phase decrease (P‐1) followed by rapid (P‐2) and broad (P‐3) peak increases in G t in concentration‐dependent manners. Mucosal ε‐viniferin (10−4 mol/L), but not resveratrol (10−4 mol/L), increased the permeability of FITC‐conjugated dextran (4 kDa). The mucosal ε‐viniferin–evoked changes in I sc (Cl− secretion), but not in G t, were attenuated by a selective cyclooxygenase (COX)‐1 inhibitor and a selective EP 4 prostaglandin receptor. The mucosal ε‐viniferin–evoked increase in I sc was partially attenuated, and P‐2, but not P‐1 or P‐3, change in G t was abolished by a transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily A, member 1 (TRPA1) inhibitor. Moreover, the mucosal ε‐viniferin concentration‐dependently attenuated the mucosal propionate (1 mmol/L)‐evoked increases in I sc and G t. Immunohistochemical studies revealed COX‐1–immunoreactive epithelial cells in the cecal crypt. The present study showed that mucosal ε‐viniferin modulated transepithelial ion transport and permeability, possibly by activating sensory epithelial cells expressing COX‐1 and TRPA1. Moreover, mucosal ε‐viniferin decreased mucosal sensitivity to other luminal molecules such as short‐chain fatty acids. In conclusion, these results suggest that ε‐viniferin modifies intestinal mucosal transport and barrier functions.

Hot-Water Extracts from Roots of Vitis thunbergii var. taiwaniana and Identified ε-Viniferin Improve Obesity in High-Fat Diet-Induced Mice

“…It was reported that ε-viniferin disappeared rapidly in DMEM medium, and ε-viniferin was rapidly glucuronidated after incubations with liver microsomes . It was also reported that the administration of ε-viniferin to the mucosal side of the rat intestine regulated transepithelial ion transport, ion permeability, and nonionic macromolecule permeability, which revealed ε-viniferin had beneficial effects on intestinal functions by enhancing the mucosal host defense mechanism . ε-Viniferin is the resveratrol dimer, and it was proposed that the anti-adipogenic and/or anti-obesity mechanisms of (+)-ε-viniferin might be similar to those of resveratrol and need to be investigated further.…”

“…42 It was also reported that the administration of εviniferin to the mucosal side of the rat intestine regulated transepithelial ion transport, ion permeability, and nonionic macromolecule permeability, which revealed ε-viniferin had beneficial effects on intestinal functions by enhancing the mucosal host defense mechanism. 43 ε-Viniferin is the resveratrol dimer, and it was proposed that the anti-adipogenic and/or anti-obesity mechanisms of (+)-ε-viniferin might be similar to those of resveratrol and need to be investigated further. Chen et al 44 reported that resveratrol exhibited a dosedependent (20, 40, and 80 μM) anti-adipogenic effect in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes by reducing gene and protein expression levels of PPARγ, etc.…”

CCL25 Inhibition Alleviates Sepsis-Induced Acute Lung Injury and Inflammation

“…FITC was known to be a large fluorescent substance and fluorescence value could reflect permeability of mucosal epithelium. 22 The logarithmic growth cells of each group were inoculated into the upper chamber of the 24-well Transwell plate (1×10 5 cells per well). A 100 μL and 600 μL of culture medium were added to the upper and lower chamber, respectively, in a 5% CO 2 incubator at room temperature.…”

Effects of an Enteral Formula Containing Fermented Dairy Products on Epithelial Ion Transport in Rat Intestines

“…Ussing chamber experiments. Ussing chamber experiments were performed following a method described previously (19). Mucosa-submucosa preparations were mounted on the Ussing chambers (cross-sectional area: 0.64 cm 2 ; CHM2, World Precision Instruments (WPI), Inc., Sarasota, FL, USA) with a pair of aluminum foil ribbon electrodes for electrical field stimulation (EFS).…”