Effects of In-Cylinder Catalysts on Combustion and Emissions of a D.I. Diesel Engine Fueled on Neat Methanol

Mitchell, William L.; Litzinger, Thomas A.; Lee, Wonnam

doi:10.4271/920688

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The application of a catalytic layer inside the cylinder chiefly aimed at reducing the particulate emissions in diesel engines, which was obtained by minimization of the self-ignition delay [25][26][27][28]. In other works, the in-cylinder catalyst application (exhaust valve covered with platinum) resulted in a reduction of the emission of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons in a diesel engine fueled with methanol [29] and diesel fuel only [30,31]. The reduction of nitrogen oxides using an in-cylinder catalyst implies using platinum [32], but due to the high costs of this application, molybdenum compounds were proposed [33,34].…”

Section: A Review Of Research On In-cylinder Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the Length of a Catalyst-Coated Glow Plug on Exhaust Emissions

2020

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This paper discusses the application of an in-cylinder catalyst in reducing the exhaust emissions from a diesel engine. This is an additional method of exhaust gas aftertreatment; yet the placement of a catalyst in the combustion chamber (i.e., the closest location to the process of combustion) allows a reduction of the emissions ‘at source’ (the catalyst applied on the glow plugs). For the investigations, we used an engine dynamometer to reproduce the traffic conditions of a homologation test carried out on a chassis dynamometer. We carried out the investigations on a Euro 4 1.3 JTD MultiJet diesel engine. The selection of the research object was followed by an analysis of the number of engines used in the EU meeting individual emission standards. We present results (measurement of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, particle number, and carbon dioxide) related to the assessment of the applicability of the in-cylinder catalyst for three types of glow plugs: standard, catalyst-covered, and a prototype plug with an elongated catalyst-covered heating part. Prototype catalytic glow plugs ensure a few percent reduction in the emission of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide, and particle number. The use of such a solution (glow plug replacement) in most diesel engines (easy to retrofit) would improve the environmental performance of combustion engines. It is of particular importance that in-cylinder catalysts are most efficient during cold start and warm-up, which is often the case in urban driving.

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Section: A Review Of Research On In-cylinder Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the Length of a Catalyst-Coated Glow Plug on Exhaust Emissions

2020

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“…Use of Pt and Pd coatings on the exhaust valves in a single cylinder DI diesel engine operated with methanol, enables the use of significantly lower glow plug operating temperatures, which, in turn, increases glow plug life (Mitchell et al, 1992). Significant reductions in exhaust methanol and aldehydes emissions over the non-catalytic baseline and overall engine performance improvement can also be envisaged using the catalytic exhaust valves.…”

Section: In-cylinder Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic control of automotive NOx: a review

Bhattacharyya¹,

Das²

1999

Int. J. Energy Res.

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“…Improving the ignition and combustion characteristics of hydrocarbon fuels are crucial issues for propulsion systems, particularly for hypersonic and pulse detonation engines, where rapid ignition is required. For hypersonic applications, where fuel is used to cool the engine, it is also necessary to have endothermic reactions occurring in the fuel system to increase the cooling capacity; however, the reactions must be controlled to avoid carbon deposition. − A potential solution is to use a heterogeneous catalyst to enhance ignition, and Pd-based catalysts have been proposed to produce major improvements in combustion of jet fuel, kerosene, and other complex hydrocarbons. − However, using a traditional fixed-bed supported catalyst is not possible in these propulsion applications because of the high flow velocities and short contact times. Recently, fuel-soluble catalysts or catalyst precursors have attracted attention, with the idea of achieving high dispersion in the fuels, possibly catalyzing endothermic reactions in the fuel system and then catalyzing ignition when the catalyst-loaded fuel is introduced into the combustor. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ Small-Angle X-ray Scattering from Pd Nanoparticles Formed by Thermal Decomposition of Organo-Pd Catalyst Precursors Dissolved in Hydrocarbons

et al. 2013

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The generation and growth of nanoparticles by thermal decomposition of organo-Pd precursors in toluene solution has been studied using in situ small-angle X-ray scattering. The results show that detectable concentrations of particles begin to form at solution temperatures above 130 °C, and both the size and volume of the particles increase with heating temperature and time. The radius of the particles detected ranges from 0.5 ± 0.1 nm to a few nanometers, depending on the temperature and heating time. The structure of the particles was probed by measurement of pair distribution functions, which demonstrated that the particles have structure identical to bulk metallic Pd. The identification of the particles as metallic Pd was confirmed by X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy.

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Effects of In-Cylinder Catalysts on Combustion and Emissions of a D.I. Diesel Engine Fueled on Neat Methanol

Cited by 7 publications

References 16 publications

Influence of the Length of a Catalyst-Coated Glow Plug on Exhaust Emissions

Influence of the Length of a Catalyst-Coated Glow Plug on Exhaust Emissions

Catalytic control of automotive NOx: a review

In Situ Small-Angle X-ray Scattering from Pd Nanoparticles Formed by Thermal Decomposition of Organo-Pd Catalyst Precursors Dissolved in Hydrocarbons

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