Effects of In-Group Bias on Planned Encounters of Jewish and Arab Youths

Abstract

In a sample of 9th-grade Jewish (n = 118) and Arab (n = 100) students in Israel who participated in planned binational encounters, the author examined in-group biases as a function of (a) their perceptions of the encounter between the groups as interpersonal or as intergroup contact and (b) their views of the status of their respective national groups in Israel as legitimate and stable. In comparisons of the 2 encounter groups (of equal status), both groups showed in-group biases. In comparisons of the national groups at large (of unequal status), the Arab students considered their group similar to the Jewish group, whereas the Jewish students rated their group more favorably than they rated the Arab group. For the Jewish, but not the Arab, students, in-group bias was contingent on simultaneous ratings (legitimate-illegitimate; stable-unstable) of the binational situation in Israel. The data support a 2-dimensional model rather than a 1-dimensional model of intergroup-interpersonal definition of the encounter.

You've got mail: Using e-mail to examine the effect of prejudiced attitudes on discrimination against Arabs

“…A few studies (BarTal, 1996;Bar-Tal & Labin, 2001;Eshel, 1999;Teichman, 2001) have examined Jewish-Israeli prejudice and aggression towards Arabs who live in the Middle East, where there is strong Anti-Arab sentiment. However, there is a dearth of research examining prejudice and discrimination towards Arabs who live in the United States.…”

Muslim Discrimination: Evidence From Two Lost‐Letter Experiments

“…The present study is most similar to Bushman and Bonacci, who studied discrimination against Arabs in the United States after the 9/11 attacks, using a lost e‐mail technique. A few studies have studied Jewish‐Israeli prejudice against Muslims, but with other methods (Bar‐Tal, 1996; Eshel, 1999). Otherwise, most of the available evidence of discrimination against Muslims is based on surveys and non‐experimental data.…”

Jewish-Arab Violence: Perspectives of a Dominant Majority and a Subordinate Minority

“…Those findings were derived, in part, from unstructured justifications for aggressive acts. There is reason to believe that more structured scales for analyzing these aspects of Jewish-Arab relations (Eshel, 1999) may contribute to substantiating the present findings.…”