Effects of inhibitors of serine/threonine protein kinases on Arabidopsis thaliana root morphology and microtubule organization in its cells

Accumulation and post‐translational modifications of plant tubulins

“…; Sheremet et al . ). Inhibitors of phosphorylation are reported to have important effects on the cytoskeleton.…”

“…Although these data do not indicate direct involvement of tubulin phosphorylation in the correct organisation of plant microtubules, they still suggest that phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of tubulin may be part of the molecular mechanism responsible for both the organisation of cortical microtubules and the mitotic function (Yemets et al 2005). Recently, biochemical approaches have shown that both aand b-tubulin of plants are phosphorylated on tyrosine residues; immunofluorescence microscopy revealed that tyrosines in polymerised microtubules are actually phosphorylated, and that phosphorylation occurs on both cortical and mitotic microtubules in Arabidopsis cells (Blume et al 2008;Sheremet et al 2010). Inhibitors of phosphorylation are reported to have important effects on the cytoskeleton.…”

Plant microtubules reorganization under the indirect UV-B exposure and during UV-B-induced programmed cell death

“…28 Indeed, the transition zone cells are known to be sensitive to endogenous (auxin, ethylene, extracellular Ca 2+ ) and exogenous factors (mechanical pressure, aluminum, pathogens). 29 In turn, cortical MTs in epidermal cells of the transition zone are exceptionally responsive to fluctuations of auxins 30 and nitric oxide content, 4 protein kinase/phosphatase inhibitors 31 and cold treatment as well. 32 We have shown also that immediately after the UV-B exposure (13.6-68 kJ/m 2 ) cortical MTs in both transition and elongation zones depolymerized rapidly.…”

Inhibitors of tyrosine kinases and phosphatases as a tool for the investigation of microtubule role in plant cold response

“…Differential expression of plant tubulin genes during cold treatment have been observed, but relatively little information is available on functional role of tubulin PTMs as one of the potential important component of signal transduction mechanism in higher plants. However, it has been demonstrated that MTs behavior can be influenced by protein phosphorylation process [26][27][28][29] as a set of serine/ threonine protein kinases inhibitors can modify MTs stability under low temperature [22,24].…”

“…Recently it was found that transition zone integrates diverse inputs from endogenous and exogenous stimuli and translates them into signalling and motoric outputs as adaptive differential growth responses [23]. Generally MTs in cells of transition zone characterized with highly dynamic parameters of MT polymerization are highly sensitive to the range of different factors like gravity [33], UV-B irradiation [32], phytohormones [32], serine/threonine protein kinase and phosphatase inhibitors [20,28,29]. According to our data as well as results of other research groups it could be assumed that MTs, especially in transition zone, could play an integral role in perception of different signals that enable plants adapt to environmental changes, including cold.…”