Effects of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 and Platelet-Rich Plasma on Facial Nerve Injury in a Rat Model

Abstract

Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and platelet rich plasma (PRP) on nerve healing to evaluate electrophysiologically and histopathologically by experimental traumatic peripheral facial paralysis in rats. Material and Methods: Three groups of 7 rats in each were formed. Group 1: Control group. Group 2: Local IGF-1 applied. Group 3: Local PRP applied. After nerve identification, neuron excitability threshold (NET), latency and amplitude values of left facial nerve buccal branch (LFNBB) were recorded. The LFNBB of all rats in all groups was cut and sutured. PRF was applied to Group 2, IGF-1 and Group 3, respectively. Control measurements of LFNBB were performed at 12 weeks. Then traumatized part of LFNBB was removed and axonal degeneration, vascular congestion and macrovacuolization were evaluated histopathologically. Results: When all groups were compared, significant difference was observed in Group 3 (p1=0.002, p2<0.001, p3=0.017 respectively) in NET. Group 2 and 3 values were significantly different than control group (p1=0.011, p2=0.007) in latency values. There was no difference between Group 2 and 3. Group 2 and 3 values were significantly different in amplitude values compared to control group (p1<0.001, p2<0.001). While there was no difference between Group 2 and 3. In all histopathological examinations, a significant improvement was observed in Group 2 and 3 compared to control group, findings of histopathological improvement in the Group 3 was superior. Conclusion: The findings obtained from this study showed that local IGF-1 and PRP application had positive effects on nerve healing in traumatic facial palsy while PRP was more effective.