“…With the improvement of informationization as well as the development of human–computer interactions, icons have become an important component of digital user interfaces ( Li, Chen, Sha, & Lu, 2017 ; Nakamura & Zeng-Treitler, 2012 ). Compared with words, graphic symbols are able to transcend language barriers ( Bocker, 1996 ; Caplin, 2001 ; Stevens, Brennan, Petocz, & Howell, 2009 ) and convey large amounts of information in a more concise and efficient way ( Amer & Maris, 2007 ; Chi & Dewi, 2014 ; Ells & Dewar, 1979 ; Huang, Bias, & Schnyer, 2015 ; Muter & Mayson, 2007; Perry, Stevens, Wiggins, & Howell, 2008 ).…”