Effects of Users’ Familiarity With the Objects Depicted in Icons on the Cognitive Performance of Icon Identification

Shen, Zeyu; Xue, Chengqi; Wang, Haiyan

doi:10.1177/2041669518780807

Cited by 34 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…We selected graphical symbols from computer and smart phone systems for reference, and then revised and created more than 300 icons for the following experiments. The method and instructions we used were similar to those adopted in previous studies (McDougall et al, 1999(McDougall et al, , 2000Shen et al, 2018). In this study, each icon was assigned a single Chinese word that five experts (experienced icon designers) agreed to be the best word label to represent the meaning of the icon.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, to further explore this issue, we experimented with an icon visual search task across several days to simulate the effects of gaining increasing experience (Shen et al., 2018). After manipulating the participants’ level of familiarity with different icons, their ability to recall corresponding semantic information when cued with different icons was tested.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Icon Familiarity Affects the Performance of Complex Cognitive Tasks

et al. 2020

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The purpose of this study was to investigate whether and how users' familiarity with symbols affects the performance of complex cognitive tasks which place considerable demands on working memory resources. We combined a modified math task paradigm with our previous icon familiarity training paradigm. Participants were required to complete a mathematical task involving icons to test their ability to perform complex cognitive tasks. The complexity of the task was manipulated using three independent variables: icon familiarity (high-frequency vs. low-frequency), whether or not the equation requires substitution (substitution vs. no-substitution), and the number of steps required for solution (one step vs. two steps). The results showed that participants performed better on the equation-solving task when it used icons they were more extensively trained on. Importantly, icon familiarity interacted with the complexity of the task and the familiarity effect on performance (accuracy and response time) became greater when the complexity increased. These findings provide evidence that familiarity affects not only the ease of information retrieval but also the ease of subsequent processing activities associated with these information, which extends our understanding of how familiarity affects working memory. Moreover, our findings have practical implications for improving interaction efficiency. Before the operators formally use a digital system, they need to learn the precise meaning of those complex or unfamiliar symbols in a certain context as much as possible.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

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Icon Familiarity Affects the Performance of Complex Cognitive Tasks

et al. 2020

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“…A study by Shen [ 37 ] showed that people who are familiar with a restaurant, for example, could retrieve the situational information of the restaurant’s service from their memory, which directly affected their perception of the restaurant’s service. Another study by Shen [ 39 ] showed that a user’s familiarity with the objects depicted in a symbol affected their understanding of that symbol, suggesting that designers should use patterns and elements that are familiar to the users. Green [ 15 ] believed that it was difficult for individuals to draw symbols to represent unfamiliar situations during graphic generation.…”

Section: Related Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Design Framework of Medical Wayfinding Signs for the Elderly: Based on the Situational Cognitive Commonness

Liu

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Older people in China have a poor understanding of hospital signage. To address this problem, in this study, we combined the theories of situated cognition and cognitive commonness in order to introduce the three main factors that affect the generation of situational cognitive commonness: composition of the situation, familiarity, and concreteness. We used these theories to construct a methodological framework for the design of geriatric hospital wayfinding signs that were based on situational cognitive commonness. The design of nine healthcare signs for Chinese national standards were used as examples in the study. First, users who were familiar with medical scenarios were asked to draw concrete cognitive conception graphics for the purposes of individual wayfinding targets from both physical and social situations. Next, we coded and grouped the generated graphics based on their situational features in order to extract groups of representative common graphics. Finally, we reorganized the common graphics and developed concrete designs, which were tested by the judgment test. The wayfinding signs designed according to the methodological framework of this study effectively improved the understanding of hospital signage among older Chinese people. This study took geriatric hospital wayfinding signs as the examples to provide a feasible theoretical basis and research reference for symbol design.

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“…If a text label is included, it must be related to the functionality of the button, must be very descriptive to the driver, and must use vocabulary that is easily understood in the geographical context of use. Preferably, it should contain words that are universally understood [41][42][43][44][45][46][47].…”

Section: Solutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

User Interface Design Patterns for Infotainment Systems Based on Driver Distraction: A Colombian Case Study

et al. 2022

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In this paper, we present a set of nine user interface design patterns for in-vehicle infotainment systems centered on the content, interaction mode, style, shortcuts, and notifications of the system, which are built based on both theoretical support and an empirical pattern finding process. This empirical process consists in an exploratory test made with 10 users from an age range from 18 to 29 and with a minimum of 2 years of driving experience, who were asked to perform a set of 13 secondary tasks in the vehicle to identify recurrent problems, behavioral patterns, and best practices. The output of this exploratory test was used as the main data source for the design patterns consolidation. It is worth mentioning that the proposal of these patterns arose as an initiative to begin to consider factors that can affect the driver’s experience in the Latin American context. The set of design patterns has been validated via a content validation (as an exploratory study) by a panel of Latin American experts in the area of HCI and UX through the development of a prototype using the patterns as a tool for the redesign proposal of the infotainment systems tested during the empirical finding process.

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Effects of Users’ Familiarity With the Objects Depicted in Icons on the Cognitive Performance of Icon Identification

Cited by 34 publications

References 52 publications

Icon Familiarity Affects the Performance of Complex Cognitive Tasks

Icon Familiarity Affects the Performance of Complex Cognitive Tasks

A Design Framework of Medical Wayfinding Signs for the Elderly: Based on the Situational Cognitive Commonness

User Interface Design Patterns for Infotainment Systems Based on Driver Distraction: A Colombian Case Study

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