Effects of Invading Species on Freshwater and Estuarine Ecosystems

Moyle, Peter B.; Sandlund, Odd Terje; Schei, P. J.; Viken, Å.

doi:10.1007/978-94-011-4523-7_12

Cited by 28 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…This depart from the old vision of ecosystems being niche-packed habitats with highly competitive and well-adapted species (Moyle 1999, Ruiz et al 1997, Williamson 1996. Local dispersal mechanisms, hydrodynamic conditions, physical stress, recovery/regeneration processes and biological facilitation are likely major factors determining the success of post-introduction colonization (Bruno et al in press, Meinesz 1999, Rueness 1989, Ruiz et al 1997, Walker & Kendrick 1998, Wallentinus 2002.…”

Section: Some Implications and General Future Research Directionsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Estuaries and lagoons are generally hot-spots for invasions in part because of high boat traffic and high human population densities, and in part because these systems are species-poor (with potentially open niches) and naturally and antropogenically stressed (Moyle 1999, Ribera & Boudouresque 1995, Ruiz et al 1997, Ruiz et al 1999. Lagoons are characterized by shallow waters, low slopes, dominance of soft substrates, protection from coastal waves, and high sedimentation and re-suspension rates.…”

Section: Lagoons the Invaded Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, tidal lagoons often have large intertidal mudflats, and typically have large spatio-temporal differences in salinity, temperature, light, and nutrients levels (Cromwell 1973, Flindt et al 1997b, Hayden & Dolan 1979, McManus 1998, Reise 1985. Over the last many decades, numerious lagoons have changed dramatically due to anthropogenic forcing, including (in addition to transport of alien species) over-harvest of economically important species, increased sedimentation and nutrient loading, and various types of point-source pollution (Airoldi 2003, Morand & Briand 1996, Moyle 1999, Walker & Kendrick 1998. The main effects have been decreased light penetration, decreased abundance of perennial slow-growing rooted angiosperms, increased abundance of unattached macroalgal mats, epiphytes and phytoplankton and decreased sediment stability (Morand & Briand 1996, Raffaelli et al 1998, Sand-Jensen & Borum 1991, Sfriso et al 2001, Valiela et al 1997).…”

Section: Lagoons the Invaded Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Urbanization, agricultural runoff, coastal development and increased boat traffic are additional stressors that may also impact oyster reefs. The impact on the oyster reefs include: (1) enhanced sedimentation/sediment instability (Airoldi 2003, Koch & Gust 1999, McManus 1998, (2) nutrient enrichment followed by enhanced drift algae accumulations (Fletcher 1996, Morand & Briand 1996, Raffaelli et al 1998, and (3) introduction of alien species (Moyle 1999, Ruiz et al 1997, Ruiz et al 1999). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to enhanced sedimentation and drift algae accumulations, alien pests have repeatedly invaded North American lagoons and estuaries, and some of these invasions have previously been linked to nutrient enrichment (Moyle 1999, Ruiz et al 1999). The macroalgae Codium fragile ssp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Macroalgal Distribution Patterns and Ecological Performances in a Tidal Coastal Lagoon, with Emphasis on the Non-indigenous Codium Fragile ssp. Tomentosoides

Thomsen¹

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Codium fragile ssp. tomentosoides is a North-West Pacific macroalgae that has invaded numerous lagoons. The success of C. fragile has been explained by its dispersal capacity, growth rate, nutrient uptake, salinity and temperature tolerances, and grazer resistance. I compared distribution, recruitment and growth of Codium to native algae in Hog Island Bay, a shallow water lagoon in Virginia. To determine the extent of invaded habitats algae were mapped from 1998-02. Codium was fourth most abundant, and hence considered successful compared to most species in terms of its biomass. Codium was found both unattached or attached to bivalve shells, while the majority of the dominant Gracilaria verrucosa and Ulva curvata were incorporated into tube caps of the polychaete Diopatra cuprea. Preference experiments showed that Diopatra incorporated Ulva and Gracilaria most, Agardhiella subulata intermediate, and Codium and Fucus vesiculosus least, and that the first 3 species were fragmented in the process. Thus, Diopatra facilitated Ulva and Gracilaria, by providing an abundant substrate, reducing flushing and maintaining a supply of fragments for regrowth. Tidal lagoons are characterized by sedimentation, desiccation, high turbidity, and high abundance of molluscan grazers. Short-term experiments showed that Codium was inferior under such conditions compared to Gracilaria, Ulva, Hypnea musciformis, and Agardhiella, decomposing faster when buried, being susceptible to desiccation, growing slower at high and low levels of nutrient and light, and being the only species grazed by Ilyanasa obsolata. To test if the success of Codium fragile could be related to its ability to colonize hard substrate, recruitment bricks were incubated in the shallow subtidal with ii ii and without a cover of unattached algae or sediments. Codium recruited well onto control bricks, but not onto bricks covered by algae or sediments. After one year Codium, Gracilaria, Crassostrea virginica (oyster) and Agardhiella were space-dominants, having tolerated temperature regimes of 2-28ºC and desiccation at low spring tides. Thus Codium is only successful compared to native species by having moderate growth over a long season, and by being an effective colonizer of hard substrate in the shallow subtidal zone in the absence of high sedimentation or drift algae accumulations.

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Section: Some Implications and General Future Research Directionsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Lagoons the Invaded Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Lagoons the Invaded Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Macroalgal Distribution Patterns and Ecological Performances in a Tidal Coastal Lagoon, with Emphasis on the Non-indigenous Codium Fragile ssp. Tomentosoides

Thomsen¹

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Dispersal of two freshwater invasive macroinvertebrates, Procambarus clarkii and Physella acuta, by off‐road vehicles

Banha

Marques

Anastácio

2014

Aquatic Conservation

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The red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) and the bladder snail (Physella acuta) are two invasive aquatic macroinvertebrate species with worldwide distribution that are plagues in rice fields.The purpose of this study was to investigate the possibility of accidental human dispersal of these two species by off‐road vehicles.An experimental approach was used owing to the difficulty of obtaining field data on low‐probability events such as passive dispersal. Experiments were performed testing the probability of attachment of both organisms to mudguards of off‐road vehicles as well as successful transport and release into the receiver water body. Recently‐hatched P. clarkii and all P. acuta sizes available in the field were used.Results showed that P. clarkii and P. acuta can be transported in mud adhering to an off‐road vehicle. No differences were found in the proportions of adhered organisms between species or for each species at the different densities used because of low overall retrieval. For P. acuta, the attachment probability varied between 0.5% both for 50 and 200 individuals m‐2 and 1% for 100 ind. m‐2. For P. clarkii, no individuals adhered at 50 ind. m‐2, but the probabilities were 1% and 1.5% for 100 and 200 ind. m‐2, respectively.A transport‐survival experiment showed a mean survival distance of 83.2 km for P. clarkii and 92.2 km for P. acuta under dry conditions. Rain or wet conditions severely reduced successful transport.The proportion of organisms falling into a receiving water body increased with the vehicle's speed while crossing the water.Although the results demonstrated a low probability of occurrence of attachment, they also showed that, if attachment occurs, aquatic organisms have a high chance to be released successfully in a suitable environment after long‐distance transport by vehicle. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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A risk assessment for managing non-native parasites

2012

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The spread of non-native parasites with the movement of animals is a primary cause of disease emergence worldwide. Such introductions can threaten native biodiversity, hinder conservation efforts and limit the socio-economic development of natural resources. Evaluating the threats from alien parasites can represent a considerable challenge, due to the limited information that often accompanies their introduction. We present a comprehensive modular risk assessment scheme that supports the management of non-native fish parasites in their pre- and post-introduction phases. This scheme addresses some of the shortcomings of current risk analysis, including the risk management of non-notifiable pathogens and impact assessment of parasites following establishment. An initial procedure for hazard identification promotes a rapid assessment of disease risk and prompt imposition of management measures. This is followed by a longer-term assessment of impact that accommodates available and emerging knowledge on the pathogen and its distribution. Consideration is given to ecological and economic consequences of disease at the host, population and fishery levels. Each module provides an easily interpreted output that underpins management responses, ranging from monitoring parasite distribution to their attempted eradication. A final module ensures clear communication of disease risk to relevant stakeholders, using the other modules as a framework. Outputs of this risk assessment will inform the prioritisation of available resources and provides a scientifically robust foundation on which to base practical and proportionate management measures to protect native environments. The scheme presented here was specifically developed for freshwater fisheries in England and Wales, but may be modified for use globally and for the non-native parasite fauna of other taxa

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Effects of Invading Species on Freshwater and Estuarine Ecosystems

Cited by 28 publications

References 38 publications

Macroalgal Distribution Patterns and Ecological Performances in a Tidal Coastal Lagoon, with Emphasis on the Non-indigenous Codium Fragile ssp. Tomentosoides

Macroalgal Distribution Patterns and Ecological Performances in a Tidal Coastal Lagoon, with Emphasis on the Non-indigenous Codium Fragile ssp. Tomentosoides

Dispersal of two freshwater invasive macroinvertebrates, Procambarus clarkii and Physella acuta, by off‐road vehicles

A risk assessment for managing non-native parasites

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