Effects of irrigation on uninucleate Rhizoctonia on nursery seedlings of Pinus syivestris and Picea abies grown in peat growth medium

Lilja, Arja; Heiskanen, Juha; Heinonen, Riitta

doi:10.1080/02827589809382975

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…The lower germination in pure compost (76%) than in the other mixtures ( 90%), as well as the poor root growth, may thus be a consequence of oxygen deficiency (Dasberg & Mendel, 1971;Singh & Sainju, 1998;Kaila, 2007). The moist surface also favoured the growth of Pythium species (Lilja et al, 1998) and mosses (Cronberg, 1991), which caused Table II. Morphological characteristics (mean9SD) of seedlings grown in the mixtures of peat (P) and compost (C) (% by volume) for one growing season.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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GrowingPicea abiescontainer seedlings in peat and composted forest-nursery waste mixtures for forest regeneration

Veijalainen¹,

Juntunen²,

Heiskanen³

et al. 2007

Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research

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The suitability of using composted forest-nursery waste as a component in growing medium was studied. Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.] seedlings were grown in containers filled with sphagnum peat (100P), forest-nursery waste compost (100C) and in peat mixtures containing 25 or 50% compost by volume (75P25C and 50P50C, respectively). Morphological and chemical characteristics of the seedlings and the water and nutrient contents of the growing media were studied during 22 weeks of nursery cultivation. The seedlings were outplanted the following spring, and the survival and growth were followed for 3 years. Compost additions decreased seedling height, diameter and shoot dry mass, but root dry mass was the same in 100P and 75P25C after nursery cultivation. Foliar nutrient concentrations were optimal in all the seedlings, although foliar nitrogen content was lower the greater the proportion of compost in the medium. Compost additions did not affect the root-egress potential tested before outplanting. The 100P seedlings grew significantly more than the other seedlings during the first summer at the forest site. Thereafter, compost additions did not affect growth, but the final height and diameter were still the lowest in 100C. The results suggest that forest-nursery waste compost has potential to be used as a component of peat-based growing medium. However, specially adjusted nursery-cultivation practices need to be used for compost-containing media.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seedling survival was checked weekly and dead seedlings were harvested during the 5 week period after sowing. Isolations were performed according to Lilja et al (1998) to assess the presence of microbes in the dead seedlings. Weeds were rooted out if they occurred.…”

Section: Nursery Cultivation and Root-egress Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

GrowingPicea abiescontainer seedlings in peat and composted forest-nursery waste mixtures for forest regeneration

Veijalainen¹,

Juntunen²,

Heiskanen³

et al. 2007

Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research

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“…Macrophomina was a more common problem in the past when soil fumigation was omitted and irrigation was withheld to purposely induce water stress (Barnard 1997). Although root dieback caused by uninucleate Rhizoctonia cannot be avoided merely by reducing irrigation (Lilja et al 1998), irrigation can reduce mortality caused by Diplodiapinea (Stanosz et a. 2001).…”

Section: Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…When cavitation occurs, 1-0 seedlings do not respond well to subsequent irrigation and fertilization. Some pine seedlings die when soil is maintained at 3% (g/g) soil moisture (Abdollahi et al 1993) or when container media is maintained at 30% (v/v) water content (Lilja et al 1998). In some regions, six days of no irrigation in a greenhouse can turn needles brown (Jones et al 2014).…”

Section: No Wiltmentioning

confidence: 99%

Irrigation in pine nurseries

South

Nadel

2021

REFOR

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This review provides information and opinions about irrigation practices in pine nurseries. Even when nurseries receive more than 15 mm of rainfall week-1, managers irrigate seedbeds to increase germination, increase seed efficiency, and increase root growth. In the southern United States, a 7-month old pine seedling in an outdoor nursery typically receives 2 to 6 kg of water supplied from either sprinklers (39 nurseries) or center-pivot irrigation (12 nurseries). Most nursery managers do not intentionally subject the crop to moisture stress, since most reforestation sites receive adequate rainfall, and many studies show that reducing root mass does not increase seedling performance. In fact, nursery profits can be reduced by more than $13,000 ha-1 when deficit irrigation reduces average seedling diameter by 1 mm. Although some researchers believe that failure to properly drought stress pine seedlings might increase outplanting mortality by up to 75%, research over the past 40 years does not support that myth. When pine seedlings average 5 mm (at the root-collar), water stress is not a reliable method of increasing tolerance to an October freeze event. In several greenhouse trials, researchers grew and tested seedlings that nursery managers would classify as culls (i.e., dry root mass < 0.5 g). Unfortunately, it is common for researchers to make irrigation recommendations without first developing a water-production function curve.

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“…For Rhizoctonia infections causing root dieback in Pinus nurseries, excessive water interacts negatively with the host due to lack of root aeration, reducing growth and favoring the fungal infection. The ensuing root decay and water accumulation further stimulates the development of other secondary plant pathogens [66].…”

Section: Fungi In Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of Plant Disease Epidemics with Irrigation Practices

Filho¹,

Lopes²,

Rossato³

2019

Irrigation in Agroecosystems

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Adequate water provision to roots is essential to warrant sustainable harvests of agricultural crops globally. However, water applied in excess or in deficit may result in the development of many fungal and bacterial plant diseases, which compromise produce yield and quality. Leaf wetness duration, soil water tension and related water variables impact several aspects of different plant disease cycles, such as the sporulation, survival of pathogen propagules, their dispersal to new hosts, germination and infection. Irrigation is thus arguably the most important cultural practice in the management of plant diseases, especially in the context of the quest of a more sustainable, less chemically dependent agriculture. The technology of water application and method of irrigation have been profusely studied as to their direct relation to plant diseases. Irrigation management has a strong impact on the disease severity and epidemic progress rates of many plant pathosystems, ranging from leaf blights to vascular wilts. In addition, plant virus vector population levels and vector dispersal are also affected by the method of irrigation. This chapter reviews experimental data on the effect of different irrigation configurations and management systems on some representative plant diseases.

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Effects of irrigation on uninucleate Rhizoctonia on nursery seedlings of Pinus syivestris and Picea abies grown in peat growth medium

Cited by 6 publications

References 10 publications

GrowingPicea abiescontainer seedlings in peat and composted forest-nursery waste mixtures for forest regeneration

GrowingPicea abiescontainer seedlings in peat and composted forest-nursery waste mixtures for forest regeneration

Irrigation in pine nurseries

Management of Plant Disease Epidemics with Irrigation Practices

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