Effects of Kangdaxin on myocardial fibrosis in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction rats

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to explore the effects of Kangdaxin oral liquid on myocardial fibrosis in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) rats.Methods: A total of 30 Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 3 groups Sham operation group (Sham), HFpEF group (HFpEF), and HFpEF with drug intervention group (HFpEF + I). Rats in HFpEF + I group were given Kangdaxin oral liquid at a dose of 2.7 mL/(kg•d). After modeling or treatment, the value of E/A and E/e' in each group of rats were measured by echocardiography. The N-terminal pro b-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) level was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Heart weight/body mass index (Hw/W) and left ventricular weight/body mass index (LVw/W) were calculated after the rats were sacrificed; the transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) protein expression level in cardiac tissue was detected by western blot.Results: Compared with sham group, the values of diastolic function item (E/A) and mitral annular early diastolic velocity (E/e') in HFpEF group were significantly decreased, and the level of NT-proBNP was significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared with HFpEF group, the value of E/A and E/e' in HF + I group were significantly increased, and the level of NT-proBNP was significantly decreased (P<0.05). Compared with sham group, the expression of TGF-β1 protein in heart tissue of HFpEF group were significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared with HFpEF group, the expression of TGF-β1 protein in HFpEF + I group were significantly decreased (P<0.05).Conclusions: Kangdaxin oral liquid has protective effect on heart in HFpEF rats, which can reduce the protein expression of TGF-β1 in the heart tissue of HFpEF rats. This may be a possible mechanism to inhibit myocardial fibrosis and improve cardiac diastolic function.

Traditional Chinese medicine for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: clinical evidence and potential mechanisms

“…The expansion of plasma volume is mainly related to right heart dilatation and total cardiac volume expansion. Shengmai decoction ( Zhao et al, 2016 ; Zhai, 2020 ), Qishen Yiqi decoction ( Huang et al, 2021 ), Linggui Qihua decoction ( Xiong, 2022 ), Yiqi Huoxue decoction ( Liu, 2017 ), Xinjierkang oral liquid ( Yu et al, 2013 ), Xindening oral liquid ( Wei et al, 2017 ), Shensong Yangxin Songling Xuemaikang capsule ( Qi et al, 2020 ) and Kangdaxin oral liquid ( Wu et al, 2022 ) can improve ANP, heart weight, the heart-to-body ratio, the myocardial ratio, and corresponding problems. Fuzi Banxia decoction ( Sun et al, 2019 ), Xiaoqinglong decoction ( Zhou et al, 2019 ; Zhou, 2020 ), Shenfu Xiongze decoction ( Zhang, 2020 ), Sini decoction ( Zhao et al, 2022 ), Qishen Yiqi decoction ( Huang et al, 2021 ), Yiqi Xiefei decoction ( Wang, 2019 ), Linggui Qihua decoction ( Xiong et al, 2021 ), and Shunxin decoction ( Jia et al, 2022 ) can improve myocardial hypertrophy, myocardial fibrosis, and other myocardial problems.…”

“…YangxinNo.2 granules ( Tang, 2016 ) can also increase the expression of the anti-inflammatory factor IL-10. Xindening oral liquid ( Wei et al, 2017 ), Xiaoqinglong decoction ( Zhou et al, 2019 ; Zhou, 2020 ), Shenfu Xiongze decoction ( Zhang, 2020 ), Simiao Yongan decoction ( Li et al, 2020 ), Qishen Yiqi decoction ( Huang et al, 2021 ), Linggui Qihua decoction ( Xiong, 2022 ) and Kangdaxin oral liquid ( Wu et al, 2022 ) can reduce collagen I, collagen III, vWF, CD31, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, TGF-β1, and CD45 to improve myocardial inflammation. In addition, Xiaoqinglong decoction ( Zhou et al, 2019 ) and Sini decoction ( Zhao et al, 2022 ) can also regulate intestinal flora, reduce serum endotoxin, and increase acetate, propionate, and butyrate to improve extracardiac inflammation.…”

“…Xiaoqinglong decoction ( Zhou et al, 2019 ) and Yiqi Xiefei decoction ( Wang, 2019 ) can reduce the area of fibrosis. Shenfu Xiongze decoction ( Zhang, 2020 ), Simiao Yongan decoction ( Li et al, 2020 ), Linggui Qihua decoction ( Xiong, 2022 ), Xindening oral liquid ( Wei et al, 2017 ), Songling Xuemaikang capsule ( Qi et al, 2020 ), and Kangdaxin oral liquid ( Wu et al, 2022 ) can inhibit P38, MAPK, Smad3, TGF-β1, and AngII.…”