Effects of keto/amino acids and a low-protein diet on the nutritional status of patients with Stages 3B-4 chronic kidney disease

Abstract

The keto/amino acids ketosteril or ketoaminol are an important component of LPD, which prevents malnutrition and an additional source of calcium that inhibits hyperphosphatemia and slows the development of uremic hyperparathyroidism. Incorporation of keto/amino acids into LPD leads to a less pronounced reduction in s-Klotho protein in relation to the degree of renal failure than does LPD without keto/amino acids.

Individual nutrients and serum klotho levels in adults aged 40–79 years

“…Klotho may protect against age‐related conditions through multiple mechanisms, including optimal synaptic function promotion, stimulating the antioxidant defense system, reducing inflammation, and promoting autophagy (Hanson et al, 2021 ). Various dietary factors have been found to be associated with higher Klotho activity in preclinical, clinical, and small‐scope populational studies, including phosphate‐deficient diet (Hikone et al, 2017 ), diets enriched with keto‐analogs (Milovanova et al, 2017 ), high‐sucrose diet (Maekawa et al, 2017 ), calcium reduction (Wilkens et al, 2018 ), diet rich in nuts (Jurado‐Fasoli, Amaro‐Gahete, De‐la‐O, Martinez‐Tellez, et al, 2019 ), protein restriction (Zapata et al, 2019 ), low‐calorie high‐protein diets (Shafie et al, 2020 ), low‐salt diet (Hu et al, 2020 ), and vitamin D replacement (Dos Santos et al, 2021 ). The most comprehensive diet–Klotho study to date evaluated the relationship between dietary factors and soluble Klotho plasma levels in young (mean age 22.1 years) sedentary healthy adults (Jurado‐Fasoli et al, 2021 ).…”

Cardiovascular calcification in chronic kidney disease: Risk factors and effect of α-keto acid tablets

“…Compound α-keto acid tablet, a compound preparation containing 5 amino acids, 4 keto amino acids (calcium salts), and 1 hydroxy amino acid (calcium salt), provides essential amino acids for patients with CKD through amination or transamination [11]. Moreover, compound α-keto acid tablets produces essential amino acids by interacting with urea nitrogen; it inhibits protein catabolism, and increases the level of amino acid metabolism and metabolic acidosis in vivo [12,13].…”

Важные Аспекты Лечения Пациентов С Хронической Болезнью Почек IV–V Стадии И Сахарным Диабетом II Типа

“…У групі КАА також мали місце покращення мінерального обміну (кальцієво-фосфорний метаболізм) та підвищення рівня сироваткового бікарбонату. Препарат добре переносився та не спричиняв негативних зрушень у біохімічному профілі пацієнтів [32][33][34][35].…”

“…Серед пацієнтів із ХХН, які отримували КАА до діалізу, було також задокументовано полегшення дотримання дієти та загальне суб'єктивне покращення самопочуття [34,35].…”