Effects of Leaf Extract of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius on Serum Lipids and Oxidative Stress Markers of Male Wistar Rats

Abstract

Introduction: Cnidoscolus aconitifolius is considered to be an important and effective medicinal plant in folklore remedies where it has been applied as an alternative therapy for the treatment of various ailments.
 Aim: The present study aims to determine the effects of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius on lipid profile and some oxidative stress markers of male Wistar rats.
 Methodology: A total of 15 male wistar rats were procured for the study and randomly assigned into three groups of 5 rats each. Group 1 served as control and received distilled water only. Group 2 received 200 mg/kg and group 3 received 400mg/kg of the hydromethanolic (1:4) extract of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius which was administered as single daily dose using oral cannula. On completion of treatment, blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture for determination of some serum lipid parameters and oxidative stress markers.
 Results: Results showed that there were no significant difference in the serum level of total cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and high density lipoprotein cholesterol at both doses of the extract, compared to control. However, compared to control, there was a significant (p<0.05) increase in the activity of superoxide dismutase and glutathione reductase but significant reduction in malondialdehyde level. The catalase enzyme activity was not significant.
 Conclusion: The result obtained suggest that the extract may be useful in reducing oxidative stress by improving some antioxidant enzyme activities and may also prevent cell death due to lipid peroxidation.

Effects of the Hydromethanol Leaf Extract of Craterispermum schweinfurthi on Sperm Characteristics and Haematological Indices in Male Wistar Rats

“…This positive effect may be due to the inhibition of lipid peroxidation which occurs due to the hydroxyl radical scavenging functions of the extract [27]. Apparently, leaf extract of Craterispermum schweinfurthi suppresses the adverse effects associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) production [28,27]. ROS functions by signaling series of cascades as essential intermediate messenger molecules in the process of apoptosis [29].…”

Bioactivity and uses of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius (Mill.) I.M. Johnst

“…Phytols were the most abundant constituents in the extracts of n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol with the corresponding abundance percentages of 41.07%, 35.42% and 35.07% [20]. The C. aconitifolius extract reduces oxidative stress by increasing the activity of several antioxidant enzymes and can prevent cell death due to lipid peroxidation [33].…”

Ekstrak Daun Pepaya Jepang (Cnidosculus aconitifolius) Memperbaiki Kadar Kolesterol, Morfometri, dan Histologi Testis Mencit Hiperkolesterolemia

“…Pada hari ke-30 seluruh kelompok mencit ditimbang kembali berat badannya, kemudian dilakukan pemberian ekstrak daun pepaya Jepang dosis 11,2; 16,8; 22,4; dan 28 mg/20 g BB selama 14 hari . Ekstrak diberikan pada kelompok perlakuan selain kelompok kontrol positif disertai dengan pemberian diet aterogenik hingga hari ke-44 (Ezebuiro et al, 2020).…”

“…Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian ekstrak daun pepaya Jepang dosis 16,8 mg/ 20 g BB mencit mampu menurunkan kadar kolesterol total darah tertinggi dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya sebesar 46,2 mg/dL. Penurunan kadar kolesterol total dalam penelitian ini karena adanya bioaktif bersifat antikolesterol dan antioksidan terkandung dalam ekstrak daun pepaya Jepang diduga seperti tanin, flavonoid, saponin, dan vitamin C. Didukung oleh Ezebuiro et al, (2020) yang menyatakan bahwa daun pepaya Jepang dapat menurunkan kadar kolesterol darah karena adanya kandungan antioksidan di dalamnya yang dapat mengurangi stres oksidatif dengan meningkatkan aktivitas enzim antioksidan. Senyawa tanin dalam ekstrak daun pepaya Jepang diduga mampu menghambat absorbsi lemak dengan jalan memendam protein mukosa pada permukaan sel epitel usus halus.…”