Effects of Light-Emitting Diodes on Expression of Phenylpropanoid Biosynthetic Genes and Accumulation of Phenylpropanoids in Fagopyrum tataricum Sprouts

Abstract

Buckwheat sprouts are a popular food item in many countries. The effects of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) on sprout growth and development, changes in mRNA transcription, and accumulation of phenylpropanoid compounds were studied in tartary buckwheat 'Hokkai T8' sprouts. The highest transcript levels were observed after 2 days of LED exposure for all genes, especially FtPAL and FtF3'H, which showed higher expression in sprouts grown under blue and white light than in those grown under red light. Catechin content in sprouts grown under red light increased dramatically throughout the 10 day time course. Maximum rutin content (43.37 mg/g dry weight (DW)) was observed in sprouts at 4 days after exposure (DAE) to blue light. Similarly, the highest cyanidin 3-O-rutinoside content (0.85 mg/g DW) was detected at 10 DAE to blue light. On the basis of these results, blue LED light is recommended as a light source for enhancing the content of phenolic compounds in tartary buckwheat sprouts.

Accumulation of Phenylpropanoids by White, Blue, and Red Light Irradiation and Their Organ-Specific Distribution in Chinese Cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis)

“…pekinensis were investigated by qRT-PCR in the whole seedlings of Chinese cabbage at 6, 9, and 12 DAI with white, blue, and red LED lights (Figure 2). Under white light, the expression levels of BrDFR noticeably increased at 9 DAI, whereas those of 10 Basil leaves grown over yellow and green plastic mulches had higher phenolics content than those grown over white and blue covers. 17 Along with our study, these results indicate crops have diverse responses to light irradiation in terms of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis.…”

Application of Light‐Emitting Diodes in Food Production, Postharvest Preservation, and Microbiological Food Safety

“…The exact biological mechanisms of how nutritional content is enhanced through light are not fully understood. However, recent research appears to be moving toward tracking the changes in terms of biochemical responses by correlating changes in nutrition with gene expression using techniques like real‐time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) analysis (Thwe and others ). Therefore, the flexibility in tuning the spectral composition of LED light will be useful in finding the optimal spectral composition of light for food crops, and also in better understanding the biological response to different spectral compositions of light.…”

Comparative Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analyses in Response to Cold in Tartary Buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum)

“…In general, the production of secondary metabolites is associated with the pathways of primary metabolism. Tartary buckwheat has only two anthocyanins that include cyanidin 3-O-glucoside and cyanidin 3-O-rutinoside (Thwe et al ., 2014). To investigate the contents of anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins that are regulated by cold, we analyzed the anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins in tartary buckwheat grown in the cold for 2, 4, 6 and 8 days (Fig.…”