2003
DOI: 10.1016/s0165-2427(02)00265-9
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Effects of live attenuated and killed Salmonella vaccine on T-lymphocyte mediated immunity in laying hens

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Cited by 66 publications
(30 citation statements)
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“…Killed vaccines may also be destroyed rapidly and eliminated from the host, F o r P e e r R e v i e w O n l y 12 they may be poorly, immunogenic in unprimed hosts and unable to induce cytotoxic T cells (Nagaraja & Rajashekara, 1999). Live vaccines have been shown to be more effective in increasing lymphocyte proliferation in response to S. Enteritidis antigens in laying hens (Babu et al, 2003). They also have additional protective effects, particularly when administered orally, which can be exploited during their development and application.…”
Section: Live Versus Killed Vaccinesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Killed vaccines may also be destroyed rapidly and eliminated from the host, F o r P e e r R e v i e w O n l y 12 they may be poorly, immunogenic in unprimed hosts and unable to induce cytotoxic T cells (Nagaraja & Rajashekara, 1999). Live vaccines have been shown to be more effective in increasing lymphocyte proliferation in response to S. Enteritidis antigens in laying hens (Babu et al, 2003). They also have additional protective effects, particularly when administered orally, which can be exploited during their development and application.…”
Section: Live Versus Killed Vaccinesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In this context, comprehensive knowledge of immunological defense mechanisms of chickens against Salmonella exposure represents a crucial prerequisite for successful vaccine development. The immune-stimulating properties of various Salmonella vaccine preparations have already been examined for their potential to enhance antibody production, cell-mediated immunity, and induction of invasion of different cell populations in several organs or peripheral blood (3,8,9,13,23,24,39). Notably, T-cell reactions and cellular immune responses seem to be of central importance for defense against Salmonella infections in chickens (8,9,23,24).…”
Section: T Cells In the Spleen After Salmonella Immunization After Imentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Immediately prior to clearance of primary infection significant increases in the levels of mRNA encoding interleukin-1␤ (IL-1␤), gamma interferon (IFN-␥), and transforming growth factor ␤ (TGF-␤) were observed. Increases in ex vivo proliferation of splenocytes following stimulation with flagella and outer membrane proteins have been demonstrated in chickens infected with heat-killed or attenuated vaccine strains (2,3,36).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%