Effects of low-level long-term oral exposure to T-2 toxin in CD-1 mice

Schiefer, H. B.; Rousseaux, Colin G.; Hancock, D. S.; Blakley, Barry

doi:10.1016/0278-6915(87)90020-2

Cited by 27 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…T-2 toxin doses (low, 100 ng/g BW/day; high, 200 ng/g BW/day) were adopted from a previous study [11], which showed necrotic knee epiphyseal plate cartilage of chicks after administration of pure T-2 toxin at 100 ng/kg/day for 5 weeks. Another study [12] used 0.267 mg/kg/day T-2 toxin to feed rats. Because these previous findings could not be replicated and the mortality (60.72 %) was too high, we defined the high and low doses of T-2 toxin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

T-2 Toxin Alters the Levels of Collagen II and Its Regulatory Enzymes MMPs/TIMP-1 in a Low-Selenium Rat Model of Kashin-Beck Disease

Zhou

Hong-yuan

Guan

et al. 2015

Biol Trace Elem Res

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The objectives of this study are to assess T-2 toxin's involvement in low selenium (Se)-induced Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) in rats and unveil the mechanisms underlying this disease. Two hundred thirty rats were randomly divided into two groups after weaning and fed normal or low-Se diets (n = 115), respectively, for a month. After low-Se model confirmation, rats in each group were subdivided into five: two subgroups (n = 20) were fed their current diets (normal or low-Se diets, respectively) for 30 and 90 days, respectively; two other subgroups (n = 25) received their current diets + low T-2 toxin (100 ng/g BW/day) for 30 and 90 days, respectively; and 25 rats were fed their current diets + high T-2 toxin (200 ng/g BW/day) for 30 days. Articular cartilage samples were extracted for hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and immunohistochemistry. Western blot and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were used to assess protein and mRNA levels, respectively, of collagen II, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-1), MMP -3, MMP-13, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1). Low Se and T-2 toxin synergistically affected animal fitness. Interestingly, low Se + T-2 toxin groups showed KBD characteristics. MMP-1, -3, and -13 mRNA and protein levels generally increased in low-Se groups, while collagen II and TIMP-1 levels showed a downward trend, compared with normal diet fed animals for the same treatment (P < 0.05). T-2 toxin's effect was dose but not time dependent. Low Se and T-2 toxin synergistically alter the expression levels of collagen II as well as its regulatory enzymes MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-13, and TIMP-1, inducing cartilage damage. Therefore, T-2 toxin may cause KBD in low-Se conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

T-2 Toxin Alters the Levels of Collagen II and Its Regulatory Enzymes MMPs/TIMP-1 in a Low-Selenium Rat Model of Kashin-Beck Disease

Zhou

Hong-yuan

Guan

et al. 2015

Biol Trace Elem Res

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“…The results of the present study are very similar to this report, although the levels of nivalenol fed in the previous studies were some threefold higher than the maximum dose used in this study. Schiefer et al [28] reported that CD1 mice fed T-2 toxin developed a significant increase in pulmonary adenomas and hepatic adenomas. Wilson et al [29] reported an increase in hepatic neoplastic nodules in Fisher 344 rats fed corn naturally contaminated with Fusarium.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Feeding Study of deoxynivalenol in B6C3F1 male and female mice

Iverson¹,

Armstrong²,

Nera³

et al. 1995

Teratog Carcinog Mutagen

104

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A 2 year feeding study was conducted with male and female B6C3F1 mice that consumed diets containing 0, 1, 5, or 10 ppm deoxynivalenol (DON). Survivability was good and, while the test animals gained less weight with increasing levels of DON in the diet, there were no consistent toxic manifestations associated with DON consumption. There was some evidence for an increase in serum IgA and IgG in females, and there were sporadic changes noted in the clinical chemistry and hematology parameters conducted at the terminal sacrifice. However, these changes were not considered to be biologically significant. The pathology results provided statistically significant dose-related evidence for a decrease in liver preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions as the dose level of DON increased. This negative trend probably results from the known positive correlation between body weight and the appearance of spontaneous hepatic neoplasms in this strain of mouse.

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“…EFSA reserves its rights, view and position as regards the issues addressed and the conclusions reached in the present document, without prejudice to the rights of the authors. (Schiefer et al, 1987) Rat Oral (diet) 0.5 4 8 months 0.5 No effects (Marasas et al, 1969) m: male, f: female, n.d.: not determined *At the respective studies L indicates a LOAEL, were no NOAEL could be determined. 1 analysed parameters: haematocrit, red blood cell count, cell volume, and haemoglobin concentration 2 no haematological effects 3 survival rate was constantly lower in control groups (62%) than in treatment groups (75% or more), analysed parameters with no effect: feed consumption, body weight gain, heart weights of females, different organ weights, haematological parameters 4 four week alternating treatment; i.e.…”

Section: Repeated Dose Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%