Effects of magnesium citrate and phytin on reducing urinary calcium excretion in rats

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine and compare the effects of both magnesium citrate and phytin on reducing urinary calcium excretion under high-calcium-diet conditions during single and combined treatments. An animal experiment was carried out over a period of 4 weeks in 35 male rats. Urinary calcium excretion was reduced significantly by magnesium citrate and/or phytin in rats fed on high-calcium diets. The hypocalciuric effect of magnesium citrate was more evident than that of phytin. Urinary magnesium excretion was high in all experimental groups. However, the urinary magnesium/calcium ratios showed a consistent increase only in the groups treated with magnesium citrate. Urinary citrate excretion showed a relative increase with the introduction of magnesium citrate plus phytin; however, in both the high-calcium-diet group and the magnesium-citrate group this was found to be reduced. Urinary phosphate excretion was slightly higher in the groups treated with phytin. There was no definite difference in urinary oxalate concentration between the groups. No significant change was noted in the serum concentration of calcium, magnesium, or phosphate.

Serum, urinary and stone zinc, iron, magnesium and copper levels in idiopathic calcium oxalate stone patients

“…Several animal studies have suggested hypomagnesiuria as a risk factor for stone formation [18][19][20][21]. In vivo, Mg inhibits stone formation in hyperoxaluric rats [22]. Some studies demonstrated that urinary Mg excretion is not significantly different in stone patients and healthy controls [23,24].…”