Effects of Maleic Hydrazide on Embryologic Development. I. Avena sativa

Mericle, Leo W.; Eunus, A. M.; Mericle, R.P.

doi:10.1086/335900

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Florets treated early in their development were affected by glyphosate more than those treated at a late stage. Glyphosate seemed to inhibit cell division and elongation in the embryo in a manner similar to that of other herbicides in developing embryos (Mericle et al, 1955;Narayanaswamy, 1959).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

A histological study of the effect of glyphosate on seed development in the wild oat (Avena fatua L.)

Shuma

Raju

1993

Weed Research

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Summary: Résumé: Zusammenfassung Glyphosate was applied to panicles of wild oats (Avena fatua L.) before, at and after anthesis. The florets in spikelets exposed to the herbicide before, at and immediately after anthesis produced seeds with abnormal embryos and endosperm. Histological and embryological studies showed that in all cases the chemical did not stop the normal process of double fertilization in the florets. The zygote divided, but did not proceed beyond the proembryo stage. The development of both the proembryo and the endosperm was abnormal. The proembryos and the early stages of embryos showed no normal provascular or vascular tissue differentiation. Externally also there was no proper development of embryo parts, such as the scutellum, epiblast, shoot and root apices. The embryonic tissues showed considerable obliteration and shrinkage and the nuclei in cells appeared small and shrunken. The cells, especially in the meristem regions, appeared lacunose. The embryo and the endosperm in the caryopses treated with glyphosate 9 days after anthesis or later, were morphologically and structurally very similar to those of the controls of comparable age. It was concluded that the greater the delay of glyphosate application after anthesis, the less was the effect on seed development. Une étude histologique de l'effet du glyphosate sur le developpement des graines de folle avoine (Avena fatua L.) Du glyphosate a été appliquéà des panicules de folle avoine (Avena fatua L.), avant, pendant et après l'anthèse. Les fleurs dans les epillets exposés à l'herbicide avant, et pendant immédiatement après l'anthese ont donné des graines avec des embryons et des endospermes anormaux, Des études histologiques et embryologiques ont montré que dans tous les cas le produit n'a pas arrêté le processus normal de double fertilisation au niveau des florets. Le zygote s'est divisé mais n'a pas été au‐delà du stade proembryon, Les développements du proembryon et de l'endosperme ont été anormaux. Les proembryons et les stades précoces des embryons n'ont pas montré de différenciations normales des tissus provasculaires ou vasculaires, Extérieurement également, il n'y a pas eu un développement plus correct des parties embryonnaires comme le scutellum, epiblast les ébauches racinaires et tigellaires. Leurs tissus embryonnaires ont montré des manques considérables et des rétrécissements et les noyaux dans les cellules sont apparus petits et rétrécis. Les cellules, particulièerement dans les régions méristématiques semblaient pleines de lacune. L'embryon et l'endosperme chez les caryopses traités au glyphosate 9 jours après l'anthèse ou plus tard, étaient structurellement et morphologiquement très voisins de ceux des témoins à un âge comparable. II en est conclu que plus le délai après l'anthèse de l'application du glyphosate était élevé, moins l'effet était fort sur le développement de la graine. Eine histologische Untersuchung der Wirkung von Glyphosat auf die Samenbildung des Flug‐Hafers (Avena fatua L.) Glyphosat wurde auf die Risp...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

A histological study of the effect of glyphosate on seed development in the wild oat (Avena fatua L.)

Shuma

Raju

1993

Weed Research

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“…In confirmation of the role of auxin in root growth of cultured embryos, a few studies on the effects of auxin antagonists showed that they severely inhibited growth of the embryonic root (Mericle, Eunus & Mericle, 1955;Brown & Gifford, 1958; Narayanaswami, 19596, 1963). In one case the deleterious effects of maleic hydrazide were overcome by IAA supplied simultaneously in the medium, thus showing a competitive inhibition (Narayanaswami, 1963).…”

Section: (A) Auxins and Gibberellinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition, Growth and Morphogenesis of Plant Embryos

Raghavan

1966

Biological Reviews

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“…As Greulach and Haesloop (1954, p. 49) have aptly expressed it, the effect of maleic hydrazide on cell enlargement is "a rather delicately balanced mechanism in which cell environment plays a major determinative role." The precociousness of maturation has been observed in roots, shoots, and embryos (Carlson, 1954;Compton, 1952;Gifford, 1956;Mericle et .a., 1955).…”

Section: Effect Of Maleic Hydrazide Upon Growth the Suppression Of Gmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomic effects of barley yellow dwarf virus and maleic hydrazide on certain Gramineae

Esau¹

1957

Hilg

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and Botanist in the Experiment Station, Davis. S See "Literature Cited" for citations referred to in text by author and date. 'To simplify the writing, the term "barley yellow dwarf virus" is further abbreviated to "yellow dwarf virus" and the disease is referred to as "yellow dwarf disease" or simply "yellow dwarf," regardless of the host. Such usage is a compromise because the term "yellow dwarf" does not properly describe the symptoms in certain Gramineae (cf. Oswald and Houston, 1953a, b).

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Effects of Maleic Hydrazide on Embryologic Development. I. Avena sativa

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

A histological study of the effect of glyphosate on seed development in the wild oat (Avena fatua L.)

A histological study of the effect of glyphosate on seed development in the wild oat (Avena fatua L.)

Nutrition, Growth and Morphogenesis of Plant Embryos

Anatomic effects of barley yellow dwarf virus and maleic hydrazide on certain Gramineae

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