Effects of Maternal and Peer Separations on Young Monkeys

Suomi, Stephen J.; Collins, Mary Louise Z.; Harlow, Harry F.; Ruppenthal, Gerald C.

doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1976.tb00382.x

Cited by 112 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Thus, an homologous animal model would be one based on depression-like responses to social relationship disruptions. The effects of maternal separation on infants and their later development has been used extensively in primates as a paradigm for studying bereavement, loss and depression (Seay et al, 1962;Kaufman & Rosenblum 1969;Suomi et al, 1976;Hinde et al, 1978;Laudenslager et al, 1982;Capitanio et al, 1986;Kalin & Takahashi 1988;Coe et al, 1989;Reite et al, 1989;Laudenslager et al 1990;Weiner et al, 1990;Boccia et al, 1991a;Boccia et al, 1991b;Reite et al, 1991). This has been a valuable animal model that has provided important information on separation-induced depression effects on the course of behavior responses, adult sociality, short-and long-term changes in immune measures, sleep disturbances, hormone and neurotransmitter disturbances and effects of antidepressants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repeated long separations from pups produce depression-like behavior in rat mothers

Boccia

Razzoli

Vadlamudi

et al. 2007

Psychoneuroendocrinology

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SummaryLong (LMS) versus brief (BMS) daily separations of rat pups from their mothers have contrasting effects on their adult stress responses and maternal behavior by respectively decreasing and increasing licking received from their mothers. We hypothesized that LMS decreases pup licking in mothers by inducing learned helplessness, creating a depression-like state. We subjected postpartum rats to LMS (3 h), BMS (15 min) or no separation (NMS) on postpartum days 2-14. After weaning, mothers were given a forced swim test (FST). LMS mothers exhibited more immobility and fewer escape attempts than BMS or NMS mothers. These results suggest that LMS induces a depressionlike state, which may account for the reductions in maternal behavior seen in LMS mothers. Immobility in the FST is recognized as an animal model of depression. Therefore, LMS may be a model of maternal depression.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repeated long separations from pups produce depression-like behavior in rat mothers

Boccia

Razzoli

Vadlamudi

et al. 2007

Psychoneuroendocrinology

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“…Although much of the evidence for these effects came originally from studies of monkeys reared in abnormal environments, such as in isolation or only with other young animals (21,(28)(29)(30), recent investigations have shown significant effects even when infants were reared in more normal, complex, social environments (Box 2).…”

Section: Early Experience Shapes Temperament and Social Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In monkeys, considerable experimental work has demonstrated the extent to which the disruption of an early affiliative bond has long-term effects on the nature of an animal's interactions with other monkeys, leading to a decrease in affiliative behaviors and an increase in 8 aggressive interactions later in life (26,28,29). Although much of the evidence for these effects came originally from studies of monkeys reared in abnormal environments, such as in isolation or only with other young animals (21,(28)(29)(30), recent investigations have shown significant effects even when infants were reared in more normal, complex, social environments (Box 2).…”

Section: Early Experience Shapes Temperament and Social Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic, Neurobiological and Behavioral Perspectives on Building America's Future Workforce

et al. 2006

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in EconStor may Economic, Neurobiological and Behavioral Perspectives on Building America's Future WorkforceEric I. Knudsen James J. Heckman Judy L. Cameron Jack P. Shonkoff Any opinions expressed here are those of the author(s) and not those of the institute. Research disseminated by IZA may include views on policy, but the institute itself takes no institutional policy positions. D I S C U S S I O N P A P E R S E R I E SThe Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) in Bonn is a local and virtual international research center and a place of communication between science, politics and business. IZA is an independent nonprofit company supported by Deutsche Post World Net. The center is associated with the University of Bonn and offers a stimulating research environment through its research networks, research support, and visitors and doctoral programs. IZA engages in (i) original and internationally competitive research in all fields of labor economics, (ii) development of policy concepts, and (iii) dissemination of research results and concepts to the interested public.IZA Discussion Papers often represent preliminary work and are circulated to encourage discussion. Citation of such a paper should account for its provisional character. A revised version may be available directly from the author. A growing proportion of the U.S. workforce will have been raised in disadvantaged environments that are associated with relatively high proportions of individuals with diminished cognitive and social skills. A cross-disciplinary examination of research in economics, developmental psychology, and neurobiology reveals a striking convergence on a set of common principles that account for the potent effects of early environment on the capacity for human skill development. Central to these principles are the findings that early experiences have a uniquely powerful influence on the development of cognitive and social skills, as well as on brain architecture and neurochemistry; that both skill development and brain maturation are hierarchical processes in which higher level functions depend on, and build on, lower level functions; and that the capacity for change in the foundations of human skill development and neural circuitry is highest earlier in life and decreases over time. These findings lead to the conclusion that the most efficient strategy for strengthening the future workforce, both economically and neurobiologically, and for improving it...

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“…What are the possible neurobiological in the brain, caused by separation from mother and by social deprivation, have been well described both in primates [4] and other mammals [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. These studies identified the detrimental influences of early negative experiences on the limbic, paralimbic and neuroendocrine systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Early communication development in socially deprived children — similar to autism?

Cepanec

Gmajnić

Ljubešić

2010

Translational Neuroscience

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Early communication dEvElopmEnt in socially dEprivEd childrEn -similar to autism? abstract Social deprivation leads to various neuroanatomical, neuropsychological and behavioral disturbances in humans as well as in experimental animals. Shared characteristics of socially deprived subjects and subjects with autism have been documented. The aim of this study was to analyze early development of communication in institutionalized (INST) children (12-24 months) in comparison with age-and sexmatched group of typically developing (TD) children and a group of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Our findings show that both socially deprived (INST) children and ASD children display delayed pattern of development in social, speech and symbolic domains. However, although INST children display significant developmental delay and share some features with ASD children, they have a qualitatively different developmental pattern of social communication in comparison to children with ASD. The results of this study indicate that growing up in an institution and lack of social and environmental stimuli influences development of skills that are fundamental for early speech and language development. introductionResearch on the effects of early social deprivation and institutionalization may provide insight into the mechanisms by which the social environment affects the entire human development. It is important to examine how much the absence or a reduced quantity of social stimuli during the early period

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Effects of Maternal and Peer Separations on Young Monkeys

Cited by 112 publications

References 18 publications

Repeated long separations from pups produce depression-like behavior in rat mothers

Repeated long separations from pups produce depression-like behavior in rat mothers

Economic, Neurobiological and Behavioral Perspectives on Building America's Future Workforce

Early communication development in socially deprived children — similar to autism?

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