Effects of Metabolite VIII of Bromexine (Na 872) on Type II Epithelium of the Lung

Cerutti, P; Kapançi, Y

doi:10.1159/000194035

Cited by 30 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The loss of alveolar patency definitely alters the balance of alveo lar-capillary gas exchanges, thus fostering the devel opment of respiratory failure. Numerous preclinical and clinical studies [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] have demonstrated the ef ficacy of ambroxol for both stimulating pulmonary surfactant synthesis and inhibiting its catabolism. The results of the present study agree with those reported in literature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations of the Endoalveolar Surfactant after Surgery with Extracorporeal Circulation

Marcatili

Guarino²,

Giannattasio³

et al. 1990

Respiration

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In 10 patients who required extracorporeal circulation (ECC) during surgery, we studied the damage induced by surgery to the pulmonary surfactant and the effectiveness of ambroxol in preventing changes in the phospholipid pool. There were 5 control patients and 5 patients who were given 1 g/day of ambroxol on the 4 days prior to and the 4 days after surgery. To follow changes in phospholipid concentrations, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed before surgery and 24 h and 8 days after ECC. Phospholipids were assayed in the BAL liquid by two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography. There were marked decreases in total phosphorus and quantitative alterations of individual phospholipid species in the surfactant of the control group, but not in the patients treated with ambroxol

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations of the Endoalveolar Surfactant after Surgery with Extracorporeal Circulation

Marcatili

Guarino²,

Giannattasio³

et al. 1990

Respiration

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“…Ambroxol [trans-4-(2-amino-3,5-dibromobenzylamino)-cyclohexane hydrochloride] (AMB) is a bromhexin metabolite. Although the functional mechanism of AMB is still unknown, AMB is reported to stimulate the synthesis and secretion of surfactant in type 2 alveolar epithelium [22]and to scavenge oxidants [23]. Both agents have been widely used as mucolytic drugs in the treatment of lung diseases, despite the differences between their chemical structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of N-Acetylcysteine and Ambroxol on the Production of IL-12 and IL-10 in Human Alveolar Macrophages

et al. 2000

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Background: N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and ambroxol (AMB) have recently been proposed as possible therapeutic agents in the treatment of pulmonary disorders. IL-12 plays an important role in host resistance to infection and the development of Th-1 cells. In contrast, IL-10 is involved in anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory mechanisms. Objective: We investigated the effects of NAC and AMB on secretions of IL-12 and IL-10 from human alveolar macrophages. Methods: Alveolar macrophages were obtained from 7 healthy nonsmokers by bronchoalveolar lavage. The cells were first incubated with either NAC or AMB for 2 h and then cultured in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) solution for 24 h. IL-12 and IL-10 secretions were measured by ELISA. Result: Both NAC and AMB enhanced LPS-induced secretion of IL-12. NAC also enhanced LPS-induced IL-10 secretion, while AMB did not. The ratio IL-12/IL-10 secretion was increased by AMB, but NAC did not affect it. Conclusions: The results suggest that NAC enhances inflammatory and immune responses and prevents excessive responses reciprocally, through keeping local balance of IL-12 and IL-10 production in alveolar macrophages at inflammatory sites of bacterial pneumonia. AMB appears to strengthen inflammatory responses and cell-mediated immunity, facilitating the development of Th-1 cells, through shifting the local balance to IL-12 dominance.

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“…Ambroxol, a bromhexine derivative able to induce surfactant synthesis by alveolar type-2 cells [9], represents a good tool for in vivo study of the influence of surfactant stimulation in normal and pathological conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Changes in Alveolar Surfactant Levels and Lung Defence Mechanisms

et al. 1989

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Pulmonary surfactant, besides its mechanical properties, is thought to be involved in lung defence mechanisms. We previously described that: (1) in healthy animals, surfactant synthesis stimulation with ambroxol was accompanied by alveolar macrophage activation and a shift of the alveolar elastase/antielastase balance towards increased antielastase activity, and (2) in bleomycin-treated rats alveolar phospholipidosis was obvious 14 days after drug administration, ambroxol protection reduced the phospholipid peak and the morphological apperance of lung fibrosis at the 14th day of the experiment. The present study found that: (1) in healthy rats, the ambroxol-induced increase of alveolar antielastase activity did not appear due to reactivation of α₁-anti-trypsin normally oxidized in the alveolar milieu; (2) in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis, ambroxol protection reduced total long collagen content at day 28, and (3) in paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis, alveolar phospholipids were markedly reduced throughout the 21 days of the experiment. On increasing the dose of paraquat, ambroxol protection significantly reduced the animals’ death rate.

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Effects of Metabolite VIII of Bromexine (Na 872) on Type II Epithelium of the Lung

Cited by 30 publications

References 13 publications

Alterations of the Endoalveolar Surfactant after Surgery with Extracorporeal Circulation

Alterations of the Endoalveolar Surfactant after Surgery with Extracorporeal Circulation

Effects of N-Acetylcysteine and Ambroxol on the Production of IL-12 and IL-10 in Human Alveolar Macrophages

Relationship between Changes in Alveolar Surfactant Levels and Lung Defence Mechanisms

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