Effects of meteorological parameters on adequate evaluation of the thermal environment

Santee, William R.; Matthew, William T.; Blanchard, Laurie

doi:10.1016/0306-4565(94)90030-2

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The tennis court, for instance, is located adjacent to an asphalt parking lot but is separated by a mesh covered fence that would reduce wind speeds. Over each surface, the WBGT monitors were set up on the tripods at 1.2 m above the surface to represent an anthropometric scale [18]. The dry-bulb temperature, natural wet-bulb temperature, globe temperature, dewpoint temperature, and wind speed were collected every 10 min from 9:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dry-bulb temperature, natural wet-bulb temperature, globe temperature, dewpoint temperature, and wind speed were collected every 10 min from 9:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. The WBGT was computed as a weighted average of the dry-bulb temperature (DB), natural wet-bulb temperature (WB), and globe temperature (GT) using the following equation [19]: Over each surface, the WBGT monitors were set up on the tripods at 1.2 m above the surface to represent an anthropometric scale [18]. The dry-bulb temperature, natural wet-bulb temperature, globe temperature, dewpoint temperature, and wind speed were collected every 10 min from 9:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of WBGTs over Different Surfaces within an Athletic Complex

Grundstein

Cooper

2020

Medicina

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Many athletic governing bodies are adopting on-site measurement of the wet-bulb globe temperature (WBGT) as part of their heat safety policies. It is well known, however, that microclimatic conditions can vary over different surface types and a question is whether more than one WBGT sensor is needed to accurately capture local environmental conditions. Our study collected matched WBGT data over three commonly used athletic surfaces (grass, artificial turf, and hardcourt tennis) across an athletic complex on the campus of the University of Georgia in Athens, GA. Data were collected every 10 min from 9:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. over a four-day period during July 2019. Results indicate that there is no difference in WBGT among the three surfaces, even when considered over morning, midday, and afternoon practice periods. We did observe microclimatic differences in dry-bulb temperature and dewpoint temperature among the sites. Greater dry-bulb and lower dewpoint temperatures occurred over the tennis and artificial turf surfaces compared with the grass field because of reduced evapotranspiration and increase convective transfers of sensible heat over these surfaces. The lack of difference in WBGT among the surfaces is attributed to the counterbalancing influences of the different components that comprise the index. We conclude that, in a humid, subtropical climate over well-watered grass, there is no difference in WBGT among the three athletic surfaces and that, under these circumstances, a single monitoring site can provide representative WBGTs for nearby athletic surfaces.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of WBGTs over Different Surfaces within an Athletic Complex

Grundstein

Cooper

2020

Medicina

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“…2C). Differences in sensor heights between meteorological observations (1.5-10 m above ground) and those measured on an anthropometric scale (1.2 m above ground) may have contributed to the observed differences in both T nwb and T bg (8,23). Differences in wind at anthropometric (1.2 m) and nonanthropometric scales (10 m) would, in particular, affect both measures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…It is likely that greater misclassifications would have resulted from smaller category spans (20). Although the practical importance of 1-C-2-C WBGT category differences may seem small and probably makes no difference within the context of the sports medicine flag categories, they can have a significant effect in very hot and humid environments, especially when protective clothing is worn (23) or when work/rest cycles are required (25). Conditions above a sports medicine red flag (928-C) are grounds for canceling athletic events (1,12), but the same WBGT is only a green flag in the military, where less intense activity (G600 W) is expected to continue as long as the appropriate work/rest cycles are used (25).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of WBGT Index Measurement Location on Heat Stress Category Classification

Cheuvront

Caruso

Heavens

et al. 2015

Medicine &Amp; Science in Sports &Amp; Exercise

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Differences in WBGT index along 23 km of the Boston Marathon race route can be small enough to warrant single measurements. However, significant misclassification of flag categories occurred using WBGT estimates for meteorological stations; thus, local measurements are preferred. If the relation between station WBGT forecasts and the race sites can be established, the forecast WBGT values could be corrected to give advanced warning of approximate flag conditions. Similar work is proposed for other venues to improve heat stress monitoring.

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“…Unfortunately, WBGT has become embedded in military and industrial application such that the environmental data required to support the development of alternative models are not being collected (18). The crucial interactions between climate, human physiology, hydration status, clothing and other factors are too complex to be wholly described by a simple relationship between temperature(s) and human responses.…”

Section: Heat Strain Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Casualty Evacuation by Female Litter Teams Under Hot-Dry Conditions

Santee¹,

Matthew²

1998

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Four female subjects participated in four activities in a hot, dry environment: walk-rest exercise'in MOPP-0 and MOPP-4 at 3 mph for a maximum of 2 h 40 min and self-paced, two-person litter carriage with a 68 kg (150 lbs) "casualty" m the same uniforms. Metabolic rates for the walking and self-paced litter carriage tasks were also measured The results are summarized in Table 1. For walking in MOPP-0, mean endurance time (ET) was 140+40 min and the mcrease in rectal temperature (Tre) was 0.93+0.27 C vs. an ET of 29+8 min and a Tre of 1.28+0 40 C in MOPP-4 For the litter carriage the ET values in MOPP-0 and MOPP-4 were 59±35 min vs. 43 + 19 min and for Tre the values were 0.69+0.51 C vs. 0.76+0.41. For walking, the increased physiological strain related to the chemical protective (CP) clothing worn m MOPP-4 was the apparent reason for the reduced activity time on the second day. During both days of litter carriage, the most common reason for termination was skeletal-muscular problems rather than heat stress but the last subject m MOPP-4 stopped with indicators of thermal strain. This suggests that although muscular-skeletal problems were the proximate limiting factor for most subjects, thermal strain would have occurred within a short time. Mean results for Tre were compared with values predicted by two models: the Heat Strain Decision Aid (HSDA) and the SCENARIO model. Comparisons of predictive modeling results to subject responses show reasonable agreement with mean subject responses for both models. v 14. SUBJECT TERMS Chemical Protection; hot dry climate; heat or thermal stress; litter carriage 17. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF REPORT Unclassified

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Effects of meteorological parameters on adequate evaluation of the thermal environment

Cited by 12 publications

References 8 publications

Comparison of WBGTs over Different Surfaces within an Athletic Complex

Comparison of WBGTs over Different Surfaces within an Athletic Complex

Effect of WBGT Index Measurement Location on Heat Stress Category Classification

Casualty Evacuation by Female Litter Teams Under Hot-Dry Conditions

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