Effects of metformin and exercise training, alone or in association, on cardio-pulmonary performance and quality of life in insulin resistance patients

Dessalvi, Christian Cadeddu; Cugusi, Lucia; Deidda, Martino; Bina, Alessandro; Fabio, Orru; Bandinu, Stefano; Cossu, Efisio; Baroni, Marco Giorgio; Mercuro, Giuseppe

doi:10.1186/1475-2840-13-93

Cited by 27 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…A recent study showed a significant decrease in VO 2 max in people with metabolic syndrome following 6 weeks of metformin administration ( 58 ). However, previous investigations in people with prediabetes demonstrated no effect of metformin on CRF when administered without a concomitant exercise intervention and no metformin-associated impairment of the response to an exercise training intervention ( 59 , 60 ). Metformin is reported to inhibit complex 1 of the mitochondrial respiratory chain ( 61 , 62 ).…”

Section: Assessment Of Potential Mechanistic Causes Of Exercise Impaimentioning

confidence: 84%

Mechanisms of Aerobic Exercise Impairment in Diabetes: A Narrative Review

et al. 2018

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The prevalence of diabetes in the United States and globally has been rapidly increasing over the last several decades. There are now estimated to be 30.3 million people in the United States and 422 million people worldwide with diabetes. Diabetes is associated with a greatly increased risk of cardiovascular mortality, which is the leading cause of death in adults with diabetes. While exercise training is a cornerstone of diabetes treatment, people with diabetes have well-described aerobic exercise impairments that may create an additional diabetes-specific barrier to adding regular exercise to their lifestyle. Physiologic mechanisms linked to exercise impairment in diabetes include insulin resistance, cardiac abnormalities, mitochondrial function, and the ability of the body to supply oxygen. In this paper, we highlight the abnormalities of exercise in type 2 diabetes as well as potential therapeutic approaches.

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Section: Assessment Of Potential Mechanistic Causes Of Exercise Impaimentioning

confidence: 84%

Mechanisms of Aerobic Exercise Impairment in Diabetes: A Narrative Review

et al. 2018

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“…Physical activity has multiple beneficial effects on general health. Data from animal models and clinical studies have suggested that sufficient physical activity can improve cardiovascular function (Park et al, 2012), glucose metabolism (Boersma et al, 2012, Cadeddu et al, 2014), mood disorders (Cunha et al, 2013, Wegner et al, 2014), and lead to healthy weight maintenance and weight loss (Anderson et al, 2001, Swift et al, 2014). While regular physical exercise can sustain a healthy weight or a weight loss regimen, the range of mechanisms by which exercise contributes to the control of body weight remains unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wheel running reduces high-fat diet intake, preference and mu-opioid agonist stimulated intake

Liang

Bello

Moran

2015

Behavioural Brain Research

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The ranges of mechanisms by which exercise affects energy balance remain unclear. One potential mechanism may be that exercise reduces intake and preference for highly palatable, energy dense fatty foods. The current study used a rodent wheel running model to determine whether and how physical activity affects HF diet intake/preference and reward signaling. Experiment 1 examined whether wheel running affected the ability of intracerebroventricular (ICV) µ opioid receptor agonist D-Ala2, NMe-Phe4, Glyol5-enkephalin (DAMGO) to increase HF diet intake. Experiment 2 examined the effects of wheel running on the intake of and preference for a previously preferred HF diet. We also assessed the effects of wheel running and diet choice on mesolimbic dopaminergic and opioidergic gene expression. Experiment 1 revealed that wheel running decreased the ability of ICV DAMGO administration to stimulate HF diet intake. Experiment 2 showed that wheel running suppressed weight gain and reduced intake and preference for a previously preferred HF diet. Furthermore, the mesolimbic gene expression profile of wheel running rats was different from that of their sedentary paired-fed controls but similar to that of sedentary rats with large HF diet consumption. These data suggest that alterations in preference for palatable, energy dense foods play a role in the effects of exercise on energy homeostasis. The gene expression results also suggest that the hedonic effects of exercise may substitute for food reward to limit food intake and suppress weight gain.

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“…In a previous study, we showed that the association with physical training could compensate the negative effects of MET on cardiopulmonary performance. Furthermore, we demonstrated that physical exercise, when personalized and supervised, affected cardiopulmonary parameters and quality of life similar to the combination of MET and exercise [ 11 ]. Moreover, there are limited data for the effect of physical training alone or in combination with MET on LV cardiac function.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the addition of MET appeared to dampen the effect of exercise [ 10 ]. In a previous study, we showed a significant increase in peak oxygen consumption (peak VO2) after 12 weeks of exercise alone or in combination with MET, whereas MET alone resulted in no improvement in peak VO2 [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Metformin and Exercise Training, Alone or in Combination, on Cardiac Function in Individuals with Insulin Resistance

et al. 2016

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IntroductionIn patients affected by insulin resistance (IR), metformin (MET) therapy has been shown to exert its positive effects by improving glucose tolerance and preventing the evolution to diabetes. Recently, it was shown that the addition of metformin to physical training did not improve sensitivity to insulin or peak oxygen consumption (peak VO2). The purpose of this study was to establish the effect of metformin and exercise, separately or in combination, on systolic left ventricular (LV) function in individuals with IR.MethodsSeventy-five patients with IR were enrolled and subsequently assigned to MET, combination MET and exercise, or exercise alone. The LV systolic and diastolic functions were evaluated with standard echocardiography tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) and speckle tracking echocardiography at baseline and after 12 weeks of treatment.ResultsMET, administered alone or in association with exercise, improved longitudinal LV function, as evidenced by an increase in systolic (S) wave on TDI, alongside increases in longitudinal global strain and strain rate in comparison to the group undergoing physical training alone. The traditional echocardiographic parameters showed no statistically significant differences among the three groups before or after the different cycles of therapy.ConclusionsTreatment with MET, either with or without exercise, but not exercise alone, produced a significant increase in global longitudinal LV systolic function at rest. These findings validate the observation that the use of MET alone or in association with exercise has a crucial role to counteract the negative effects of IR on cardiovascular function.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s40119-016-0057-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Effects of metformin and exercise training, alone or in association, on cardio-pulmonary performance and quality of life in insulin resistance patients

Cited by 27 publications

References 36 publications

Mechanisms of Aerobic Exercise Impairment in Diabetes: A Narrative Review

Mechanisms of Aerobic Exercise Impairment in Diabetes: A Narrative Review

Wheel running reduces high-fat diet intake, preference and mu-opioid agonist stimulated intake

Effects of Metformin and Exercise Training, Alone or in Combination, on Cardiac Function in Individuals with Insulin Resistance

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