Effects of microgravity on the binding of acetylsalicylic acid by Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii

Urban, James E.; Gerren, Richard A.; Zoelle, Jeffery

doi:10.1016/0094-5765(95)00047-4

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Under spaceflight microgravity, the plant-beneficial bacteria Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii displayed enhanced binding to succinate and its synthetic structural analog acetylsalicylic acid (Aspirin), the former being an organic acid synthesized by leguminous plants to sustain Rhizobium as endosymbiotic bacteroids which occupy root nodules for nitrogen fixation 120,121 . A tripartite symbiosis study culturing the legume Medicago truncatula under continuous MMA alongside either the nitrogen-fixing symbiotic bacteria Sinorhizobium meliloti, the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Rhizophagus irregularis, or both, found reduced overall plant biomass and root nodulation by S. meliloti alone, enhancements to plant biomass identical to normal gravity by R. irregularis alone, and a slight attenuation to the negative influence of S. melioti and MMA on plant biomass with a co-inoculation 122,123 .…”

Section: Plant-microbe Interactions Under Microgravitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Microgravity and evasion of plant innate immunity by human bacterial pathogens

Totsline,

Kniel,

Bais

2023

npj Microgravity

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Spaceflight microgravity and modeled-microgravity analogs (MMA) broadly alter gene expression and physiology in both pathogens and plants. Research elucidating plant and bacterial responses to normal gravity or microgravity has shown the involvement of both physiological and molecular mechanisms. Under true and simulated microgravity, plants display differential expression of pathogen-defense genes while human bacterial pathogens exhibit increased virulence, antibiotic resistance, stress tolerance, and reduced LD50 in animal hosts. Human bacterial pathogens including Salmonella enterica and E. coli act as cross-kingdom foodborne pathogens by evading and suppressing the innate immunity of plants for colonization of intracellular spaces. It is unknown if evasion and colonization of plants by human pathogens occurs under microgravity and if there is increased infection capability as demonstrated using animal hosts. Understanding the relationship between microgravity, plant immunity, and human pathogens could prevent potentially deadly outbreaks of foodborne disease during spaceflight. This review will summarize (1) alterations to the virulency of human pathogens under microgravity and MMA, (2) alterations to plant physiology and gene expression under microgravity and MMA, (3) suppression and evasion of plant immunity by human pathogens under normal gravity, (4) studies of plant-microbe interactions under microgravity and MMA. A conclusion suggests future study of interactions between plants and human pathogens under microgravity is beneficial to human safety, and an investment in humanity’s long and short-term space travel goals.

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Section: Plant-microbe Interactions Under Microgravitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Microgravity and evasion of plant innate immunity by human bacterial pathogens

Totsline,

Kniel,

Bais

2023

npj Microgravity

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“…One of the few known examples includes the symbioses between nitrogen-fixing bacteria and leguminous plants. Nitrogen fixation is a critical bacterial metabolism for future life support systems to help cycle inert dinitrogen to the more usable ammonia [ 103 ], however, the effects of microgravity on the major stages of root nodule formation and colonization are not well known. Early studies have shown that under modeled microgravity conditions, Rhizobium leguminosarum cells can increase binding of succinate, a key molecule in the differentiation of the bacteria to bacteroids, a distinct cell-type capable of fixing nitrogen [ 103 , 104 ].…”

Section: Impact Of Microgravity On Plant-microbe Associationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nitrogen fixation is a critical bacterial metabolism for future life support systems to help cycle inert dinitrogen to the more usable ammonia [ 103 ], however, the effects of microgravity on the major stages of root nodule formation and colonization are not well known. Early studies have shown that under modeled microgravity conditions, Rhizobium leguminosarum cells can increase binding of succinate, a key molecule in the differentiation of the bacteria to bacteroids, a distinct cell-type capable of fixing nitrogen [ 103 , 104 ]. This increased binding, however, did not alter the developmental time line of the bacteroid formation and there were no statistical differences between microgravity and gravity controls [ 103 ].…”

Section: Impact Of Microgravity On Plant-microbe Associationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Early studies have shown that under modeled microgravity conditions, Rhizobium leguminosarum cells can increase binding of succinate, a key molecule in the differentiation of the bacteria to bacteroids, a distinct cell-type capable of fixing nitrogen [ 103 , 104 ]. This increased binding, however, did not alter the developmental time line of the bacteroid formation and there were no statistical differences between microgravity and gravity controls [ 103 ]. Similar experiments have been since replicated during spaceflight for longer durations using the partners Medicago truncatula , the barrel clover, and the bacterial symbiont Sinorhizobium meliloti (G. Stutte and M. Roberts unpublished).…”

Section: Impact Of Microgravity On Plant-microbe Associationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Host-Microbe Interactions in Microgravity: Assessment and Implications

Foster

Wheeler

Pamphile

2014

Life

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Spaceflight imposes several unique stresses on biological life that together can have a profound impact on the homeostasis between eukaryotes and their associated microbes. One such stressor, microgravity, has been shown to alter host-microbe interactions at the genetic and physiological levels. Recent sequencing of the microbiomes associated with plants and animals have shown that these interactions are essential for maintaining host health through the regulation of several metabolic and immune responses. Disruptions to various environmental parameters or community characteristics may impact the resiliency of the microbiome, thus potentially driving host-microbe associations towards disease. In this review, we discuss our current understanding of host-microbe interactions in microgravity and assess the impact of this unique environmental stress on the normal physiological and genetic responses of both pathogenic and mutualistic associations. As humans move beyond our biosphere and undergo longer duration space flights, it will be essential to more fully understand microbial fitness in microgravity conditions in order to maintain a healthy homeostasis between humans, plants and their respective microbiomes.

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Microgravity effects on the legume/Rhizobium symbiosis

Urban¹

1997

Space Technology and Applications International Forum (STAIF - 97)

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Effects of microgravity on the binding of acetylsalicylic acid by Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii

Cited by 3 publications

References 17 publications

Microgravity and evasion of plant innate immunity by human bacterial pathogens

Microgravity and evasion of plant innate immunity by human bacterial pathogens

Host-Microbe Interactions in Microgravity: Assessment and Implications

Microgravity effects on the legume/Rhizobium symbiosis

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