Effects of multigrooved surfaces on osteoblast‐like cells in vitro: Scanning electron microscopic observation and mRNA expression of osteopontin and osteocalcin

Abstract

This study evaluated the behavior of osteoblast-like cells on multigrooved surfaces consisting of a combination of microgrooves and macrogrooves. A polystyrene substrate was fabricated with multigrooves with 90-degree, V-shaped microgrooves with a 2-microm pitch cut on trapezoidal macrogrooves, which had a 50-microm ridge width, a 50-microm wall width, a 50-microm bottom width, and 25-microm depth. Smooth polystyrene substrates were also prepared as controls. Rat bone marrow cells were cultured as osteoblast-like cells on the substrates for morphological evaluation using a scanning electron microscope, and for biochemical evaluation using the quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction technique for osteopontin and osteocalcin mRNA expression. After 8 days of incubation, the osteoblast-like cells were aligned parallel to the surface grooves on the multigrooved substrates. After 16 days of incubation, a dense mineralized extracellular matrix (ECM) was produced along the multigrooves. The ECM on the multigrooved surface appeared oriented more in the direction of the grooves than on the smooth surface, and trapezoid-shaped macrogrooves of the ECM were cast upside down. Although there were not significant differences, the osteopontin and osteocalcin mRNA expressions of the osteoblast-like cells on the multigrooved surfaces tended to be higher than on smooth surfaces. These results suggest that multigrooves could be used to control the orientation of mineralized ECM as well as of cells, and also to enhance the production of mineralized ECM.

Interactive effects of surface topography and pulsatile electrical field stimulation on orientation and elongation of fibroblasts and cardiomyocytes

“…Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that with the increased grain size, the width and the depth of the abrasions obtained on the surface increased ( Figure 1A, B) while abrasion density decreased ( Figure 1C). AFM analysis indicated that the abrasions were V-shaped, although they were significantly less uniform that abrasions prepared previously by micromachining [27,28] and microfabrication [17] techniques.…”

Morphohistological Change and Expression of HSP70, Osteopontin and Osteocalcin mRNAs in Rat Dental Pulp Cells with Orthodontic Tooth Movement

“…In this study, osteopontin and osteocalcin mRNA expression was higher in the experimental groups than in the control group. Osteopontin and osteocalcin are wellknown markers of bone-related cell differentiation [14][15][16]21) . In particular, osteopontin is a marker of osteoblast or odontoblast differentiation 21) .…”

Cell-material interaction

“…Microstructured titanium surfaces favored mesenchymal stem cell differentiation towards the osteoblastic lineage [16]. On a surface with grooves, osteoblastic cells expressed a higher RNA level of osteopontin and osteocalcin than on a flat surface [19]. Experiments using defined sizes of pits demonstrated that activity of alkaline phosphatase as a marker for osteogenic differentiation was more stimulated on 11 nm islands compared with 85 nm islands [20].…”