Effects of Nd:YAG laser + pulsed MAG arc hybrid welding parameters on its weld shape

Abstract

Weld penetration depth, width, reinforcement and reinforcement to width ratio were defined as the factors to evaluate the weld shape. The effects of Nd:YAG laserzpulsed metal active gas (MAG) arc hybrid welding parameters on the weld shape were investigated with bead on plate tests. The results indicated that the laser energy mainly decides the weld penetration and the weld width depends on the arc for a given welding speed. The Nd:YAG laser has some effects on the hybrid weld appearance in varying of laser-arc distance and location of laser focus. The addition of laser energy in pulsed MAG arc welding can greatly increase its welding speed and the arc can improve the absorption of laser energy by workpiece. The test results also show that there is a matching relationship between the optimal laser-arc distance and the welding current for a given laser energy.

Hrbrid Laser-Arc Welding

“…(19) and (20), as given below, for gas temperature, K T , and density, K The thermodynamic state and velocity of the air on each side of the shock wave are related by the Rankine-Hugoniot relations, where the most convenient forms to this application are given by Eqs. (21) and (22). K M is the Mach number in the vapor, /2…”

“…1, hybrid laser-arc welding is formed by combining laser beam welding and arc welding. Due to the synergic action of laser beam and welding arc, hybrid welding offers many advantages over laser welding and arc welding alone [3][4][5][6] , such as high welding speed, deep penetration 7 , improved weld quality with reduced susceptibility to pores and cracks [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] , excellent gap bridging ability [17][18][19][20][21][22] , as well as good process stability and efficiency, as shown in Fig. 2.…”

The Effects of Pulse Parameters on Weld Geometry and Microstructure of a Pulsed Laser Welding Ni-Base Alloy Thin Sheet with Filler Wire

“…The weld width (L u , L l ), the fusion zone area (A (A = A u + A s + A l ), A s ), the reinforcement height (H u , H l ), and the reinforcement height-to-width ratio (r u , r l ) were used to evaluate the weld shape. A smaller reinforcement height-to-width ratio means a better spreadability of the filler metal [17]. The average laser power (P) and the peak power (Pp) are defined as follows:…”

Numerical and experimental study of thermally induced residual stress in the hybrid laser–GMA welding process

“…Kim et al (2006) observed the hybrid laser-MIG welding phenomenon in butt joints with different gap conditions by using a high speed camera. Qin et al (2007) experimentally investigated the effects of Nd:YAG laser and pulsed MAG arc hybrid welding parameters on the weld shape. The obtained results indicated that the laser energy would affect the weld penetration and the weld width would depend on the arc parameters for a given welding speed.…”