Effects of NDF and Fat Rich By-Products on Performance of Early Lactating Cows

Abstract

Table 1.Ingredient and nutrient composition of Low by-product (LB), Medium by-product (MB), High by-product (HB) diets 1) Trace minerals (contained 0.44% Fe, 0.35% Cu, 0.46% Zn, 0.33% Mn, 0.005% Co, 0.13% Mg, 0.04% I) and vitamin A, D, E (contained 2,816IU/g vitamin A, 264 mixture.2) NFC=100-(CP+EE+NDF+Ash). Levels of rolled maize, soybean meal and wheat bran in early lactating dairy cows diets were partially replaced by tofu cake, brewers grain and full-fat rice bran, and their effects were studied. Sixty-eight multiparous Holstein cows were used in an experiment in a randomized block design to investigate the effects of the diets on ruminal fermentation characteristics, digestion, plasma composition and milk production. Three diets LB (low), MB (medium) and HB (high) were prepared using different levels of by-products. The cows were divided into three groups, A (n=24), B (22) and C (22), and each group was fed one of three treatment diets as total mixed rations for 15 weeks after calving.Results showed that the by-products level did not affect the dry matter intake of cows. Increasing by-products level in diet increased gross energy content but decreased total tract apparent energy digestibility of the diet. Therefore, by-products level did not affect the digestible energy intake. Milk yield was lower (P<0.05) for HB than LB diet (36.6 vs 40.8kg/d).Milk fat % was higher (P<0.05) for HB or MB than LB diet. However, production of 4% fat-corrected milk tended (P<0.10) to be higher for LB than HB diet (38.0 vs 35.5kg/d). These results suggested that replacement of rolled maize, soybean meal and wheat bran with tofu cake, brewers grain and full-fat rice bran should be kept less than 10% of the total diet.

Effect of brewer's grain on rumen fermentation, milk production and milk composition in lactating dairy cows

“…(1981) also reported that plasma urea‐N was similar when cows were fed a diet in which wet BG replaced soybean meal. On the other hand, Koga et al . (2001) observed an increase in plasma urea‐N and a similar increase in plasma glucose when cows were fed a diet containing BG.…”

“…The concentration of total VFA and the molar percentage of individual VFA were similar between the two diets, although the percentage of acetic acid at 5 h after feeding was significantly higher and that of propionic acid was numerically lower in the BG diet. Koga et al . (2001) also reported that the percentage of acetic acid was higher in a diet containing BG.…”

“…The ether extract intake was increased by the BG diet. Koga et al . (2001) also reported that the DMI was similar when cows were fed BG as a substitute for soybean meal and rolled maize.…”

“…Koga et al . (2001) reported that milk production and DM intake were unaffected when tofu cake, BG and full‐fat rice bran replaced concentrate mixture at 10% of DM of the feed.…”

Effects of rumen‐protected methionine on milk production in early lactation dairy cattle fed with a diet containing 14.5% crude protein

“…DMI was measured in the same way as reported in a study by Koga et al. (). Samples of TMR and feces were analyzed according to standard methods (AOAC, ).…”