Effects of Neurofeedback on Brain Waves and Cognitive Functions of Children with Cerebral Palsy: a Randomized Control Trial

Abstract

Abstract. [Purpose] This study investigated brain wave and cognitive function changes in children with cerebral palsy (CP) using neurofeedback (NFB).[Subjects] Twenty-eight children with CP were randomly allocated to the NFB (n = 14) and control (CON) (n = 14) groups.[Methods] Two expert therapists provided the NFB and CON groups with traditional rehabilitation therapy in 30-minute sessions, semi-weekly, for 6 weeks. NFB training was provided only to the NFB group. The CON group received traditional rehabilitation therapy only. Before and after 6 weeks of intervention, electroencephalography and Loewenstein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment (LOTCA) were performed, and the results were analyzed.[Results] Between before and after the intervention, both the NFB and CON groups showed significant differences in spectral edge frequency of 50%. Moreover, the NFB group showed a statistically significant difference in all LOTCA subtests, while the CON group showed a significant difference only in the LOTCA total score. [Conclusion] Detailed and diverse investigations should be performed considering the number and characteristics of subjects and the limitations influencing the NFB training period.

Foliage Plants Improve Concentration and Emotional Condition of Elementary School Students Performing an Intensive Assignment

“…6). Because SEF50 is the frequency below 50% of the total EEG power (Schwender et al, 1996), it is a measure used to investigate the activity of the cerebral cortex and indicates the degree of workload (Yu et al, 2012). The SEF50 is an index for the awake state that shows how much of the brain is active during a task (Schwarz et al, 2004).…”

“…Furthermore, the ratio of beta and theta power (RBT) was calculated by ratio of power in the 4-to 7-Hz band to power in the 14 to 30 Hz. The SEF50 is the frequency of the point on the power spectrum graph in which the area from 4 to 50 Hz occupies 50% of the area in the entire frequency range (Yu et al, 2012). To determine the effect of the presence of foliage plants on assignment performance, the number of questions solved and the number of correct answers per total number of questions were calculated as a percentage using Microsoft Excel (Office 2007; Microsoft Corp., Redmond, WA).…”

The effects of neurofeedback training for children with cerebral palsy and co‐occurring attention deficits: A pilot study

“…This study explores the feasibility and effectiveness of EEG neurofeedback to address AD in children with CP. Previous studies have utilized EEG neurofeedback treatment to determine its effectiveness on motor functions or cognitive abilities in children with CP (e.g., Alves‐Pinto et al, 2017; Yu et al, 2012). These studies generally demonstrated increased motor function or cognitive abilities by using the feedback of different frequency bands.…”

Psychophysiological Responses of Adults According to Cognitive Demand Levels for Horticultural Activities

“…We calculated and analyzed the RLB and RFA power spectra by the ratio of power in the 4 to 50 Hz band to power in the 12 to 15 Hz and 11 to 13 Hz, respectively [40]. We analyzed SEF50 as the frequency of the point on the power spectrum graph where the region from 4 to 50 Hz occupies 50% of the region in the entire frequency range [41]. We analyzed ASEF50 as the frequency of the point on the power spectrum graph where the region from 8 to 13 Hz occupies 50% of the region in the entire frequency range.…”