Effects of Nitrogen Fertilization and Stalk Position on Certain Chemical and Physical Characteristics of Three Tobacco Genotypes

Sims, J. L.; Sheen, S. J.; Grünwald, C.; Atkinson, W. O.

doi:10.4141/cjps75-074

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The fire holding capacity increased with N fertilization rates [57] up to N170 treatment (maxima values were 12-13 s at CE and BN and 8 s at SA). Nevertheless, it was significantly reduced by the highest rate of N (210 kg N ha −1 ) at all locations, in agreement with results reported by Sims et al [58] in plants fertilized with 224 kg N ha −1 . The fire holding capacity describes the burning quality of cured tobacco that is a very important quality trait of commercial products.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Yield Response, Quality Traits, and Nitrogen-Use Efficiency of a Burley Tobacco Crop Grown in Mediterranean Areas (Southern Italy) as Affected by Intensive N Management

et al. 2021

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Tobacco is an annual cash crop widely cultivated over the world, which generally needs great amounts (N) of nitrogen to achieve the best yield and quality. However, with a view to sustainable and environmentally friendly agriculture, also for this crop, the reduction in N fertilization is a priority, but without negatively affecting the yield and quality of the cured product. Therefore, field experiments were conducted during 2002 and 2003 on light air-cured (Burley) tobacco at three different locations of the Campania region (Southern Italy) where high-quality light air-cured (Burley) tobacco is traditionally cultivated. At each location, the following six N fertilization treatments were compared with four replications (blocks): (i) a not fertilized control (N0); (ii) 50 kg N ha−1 (N50); 90 kg N ha−1 (N90); 130 kg N ha−1 (N130); 170 kg N ha−1 (N170); 210 kg N ha−1 (N210). The yield of cured leaves appeared positively influenced by N fertilization but not at a rate higher than 170 kg ha−1. N fertilization directly influenced nitrates and the total N content of cured leaves at all locations. The greater values of both parameters were reached at N130 or N90, respectively, at Vitulazio (CE), N170 at Bellizzi (SA), and N90 at San Giorgio del Sannio (BN). The fire holding capacity increased with N fertilization up to N170 treatment (12–13 s at CE and BN but just 8 s at SA). L* (brightness) decreased with increasing N fertilization giving cured leaves less bright and opaquer. The a/b ratio (a*, green/red; b*, blue/yellow) increased with N treatments producing cured leaves of dark hazelnut. The best scores were assigned to cured products obtained by plants fertilized with 170 kg N ha−1. N-use efficiencies were negatively influenced by N fertilization. The best NUE and N-uptake efficiency was recorded in 2002 at Vitulazio (CE), in spite of a higher NO3-N before N fertilization than other locations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Yield Response, Quality Traits, and Nitrogen-Use Efficiency of a Burley Tobacco Crop Grown in Mediterranean Areas (Southern Italy) as Affected by Intensive N Management

et al. 2021

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“…However, there was large variability across locations, ranging from 27 (B1) to 64% (B7), with differences that were likely due to differences in water regimes ( Table 2). It is well known that high N rates can result in darker, thicker leaves (13,33), especially if water is limited during leaf ripening since both leaf expansion and catabolic processes of nitrogen substances stored in the leaf (mainly chlorophyll and proteins) are reduced under those conditions (9). As a consequence, these substances do not move into the phloem for reallocation processes but accumulate in the leaf (34), producing heavier tissue (9,35).…”

Section: Plant Growth Yield and Quality Soil N Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey of Fertility Program Responses of Kentucky Dark Fire-Cured Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) Yield and Quality for Cigars Manufacture in the Benevento Province (Southern Italy)

Sifola

Carrino

Cozzolino

et al. 2018

Beiträge Zur Tabakforschung International/Contributions to Tobacco Research

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SummaryNitrogen (N) fertilization of Kentucky dark fire-cured tobacco can be used to increase weight of high quality cured leaves for cigar manufacture. We conducted field experiments at 11 different locations in the province of Benevento (Southern Italy) where the following four N treatments were compared: 1) unfertilized control (N0); 2) a site-specific N rate, calculated by a N fertilization plan (NFP) based on physical and chemical soil characteristics, which ranged between 113 and 145 kg N ha−1; 3) 200 kg N ha−1 (rate commonly used by farmers, N200); 4) 100 kg N ha−1 (half of the rate commonly used by farmers, N100). Yields of the following five commercial quality categories of cured leaves were measured: i) wrappers, ii) heavy filler (Fh), iii) light filler (Fl), iv) heavy shredded (Sh) and v) light shredded (Sl). Fh cured products of B1, B4, B6 and B10 locations were analyzed for: total alkaloids, reducing sugars, chlorides, total N (Kjeldahl), ammonium-N (NH4-N), nitrate-N (NO3-N), and tobacco specific nitrosamines (TSNA). Color parameters: Lightness (L), Chroma (C) and Hue (H) were determined on five cured leaves / plot of both Fh and Fl types at B1, B2, B3, B6, B8 and B10. A blind evaluation of cured leaves collected across locations was conducted by a panel test who considered the main basic characteristics of cured leaves (stalk position, leaf structure, texture, etc.). The total yield of cured products increased with fertilization across locations, up to NFP treatment, without any statistically significant increase at N200 treatment. Fertilization increased yield of wrappers at B1 up to NFP treatment (113.5 kg N ha−1), without any significant increase at N200 treatment. Yield of light filler product was positively influenced by fertilization up to the maximum dose only in 5 out of 11 locations. Total alkaloids significantly increased with increasing fertilization up to 100 kg N ha−1 without any significant changes at higher N rate. Fertilization hardly increased L and C of Fl leaves, which appeared light-brown but brilliant-colored. There was a reduction in the H value of Fh products which indicated a darker tone of those leaves with respect to Fl. Increasing N rate affected production costs more than revenues. According to agronomic results, in most locations the best results in terms of net revenues were obtained by NFP treatment. Considering that N rates above the NFP would disqualify growers from the economic aids provided by EU agrienvironmental measures, by economic point of view the NFP treatment would be recommended over the current grower standard (N200).

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“…Cultural practices influence the level of certain chemical constituents (Sheen et al 1973;Sims et al 1975), and N ferrilizarion affects the polyphenol levels (Sheen et al 1913). The degree of plant senescence before harvesting also influences the chemical composition of tobacco (Jeffrey and Griffith 1947).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In two previous publications (Sheen et al 1973;Sims et al 1975 (Legg et al 1970) (Legg et al 1970) and LP Burley 2l (Sheen et al 1973) were grown with three levels of N fertilization (112, 224, and 336 kg N/ha) in field plots as described previously (Sheen et al 1973 The analysis for total sterols was carried out using the digitonin precipitation procedure (Grunwald 1970a however, the sterol content was higher in bottom leaves. It has been reported that the highest rate of chlorophyll loss occurs in basal leaves (Jeffrey and Griffirh 1947).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Nitrogen Fertilization and Stalk Position on Chlorophyll, Carotenoids, and Certain Lipids of Three Tobacco Genotypes

Grünwald¹,

Sims²,

Sheen³

1977

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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Effects of Nitrogen Fertilization and Stalk Position on Certain Chemical and Physical Characteristics of Three Tobacco Genotypes

Cited by 6 publications

References 8 publications

Yield Response, Quality Traits, and Nitrogen-Use Efficiency of a Burley Tobacco Crop Grown in Mediterranean Areas (Southern Italy) as Affected by Intensive N Management

Yield Response, Quality Traits, and Nitrogen-Use Efficiency of a Burley Tobacco Crop Grown in Mediterranean Areas (Southern Italy) as Affected by Intensive N Management

A Survey of Fertility Program Responses of Kentucky Dark Fire-Cured Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) Yield and Quality for Cigars Manufacture in the Benevento Province (Southern Italy)

Effects of Nitrogen Fertilization and Stalk Position on Chlorophyll, Carotenoids, and Certain Lipids of Three Tobacco Genotypes

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