Effects of oligofructose containing diet in obese persons

Antal, M.; Regöly-Mérei, Andrea; Biró, Lajos; Arató, Györgyi; Schmidt, Judit; Nagy, Katalin; Greiner, Erika; Lásztity, Natália; Szabó, Csaba; Morava, Éva

doi:10.1556/oh.2008.28387

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Similarly, a recent parallel study reported supplementation of volunteers ( n 51) with 14 g Jerusalem Artichoke concentrate (containing OF) daily for 12 weeks reduced rated hunger ( 59 ) . However, it was unclear whether effects on hunger were significant.…”

Section: The Role Of Scfa In Appetite Regulationmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Less compelling is anthropometric and food intake data from chronic intervention studies, although these were not the main outcomes of interest for all studies (65)(66)(67)(68)(69)(70)(71)(72) except for two (59,60) . One study reported daily supplementation with 14 g Jerusalem Artichoke concentrate (containing OF) for 12 weeks significantly reduced BMI and % body fat levels (59) , while another reported daily supplementation with 21 g OF significantly reduced BW, fat mass and central fat mass (60) . However, none of the other studies found a significant influence of inulin-type fructan supplementation on BW post-intervention (59,65,66,(68)(69)(70)(71)(72) or on food intake during the intervention (65)(66)(67)(68) .…”

Section: Proceedings Of the Nutrition Societymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chronic two-way crossover Healthy (n 11) Significantly › mean and minimum fullness, minimum satiety and mean hourly fullness ratings with fibre formula. -Modified formula with added pea fibre, inulin and OF -Standard formula (control) Antal et al (59) Consumed daily for 12 weeks either: Chronic two-way parallel Healthy obese (n 51)…”

Section: Patients With Gerd (N 9)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Do SCFA have a role in appetite regulation?

2011

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The recently discovered SCFA-activated G-coupled protein receptors FFA receptor 2 and FFA receptor 3 are co-localised in L-cells with the anorexigenic 'ileal brake' gut hormone peptide YY, and also in adipocytes, with activation stimulating leptin release. Thus, SCFA such as acetate and propionate show promise as a candidate to increase satiety-enhancing properties of food. We therefore postulate SCFA may have a role in appetite regulation and energy homeostasis. SCFA can be delivered either directly within food, or indirectly via the colon by the provision of fermentable non-digestible carbohydrates. A review of studies investigating the effects of oral SCFA ingestion on appetite suggests that while oral SCFA ingestion is associated with enhanced satiety, this may be explained by product palatability rather than a physiological effect of SCFA. Colon-derived SCFA generated during microfloral fermentation have also been suggested to explain satiety-enhancing properties of non-digestible carbohydrates. However, findings are mixed from investigations into the effects of the prebiotic inulintype fructans on appetite. Overall, data presented in this review do not support a role for SCFA in appetite regulation.Acetate: Propionate: Acetic acid: Propionic acid: SCFA: Inulin: Oligofructose: Satiety Human subjects are living in an increasingly 'obesogenic' environment with easily accessed, energy dense foods and sedentary lifestyles. These 'obesogenic' factors can override homeostatic systems resulting in a gradual increase in the population body weight (BW) (1) . The need for strategies to prevent the rise in obesity is therefore becoming increasingly urgent. One strategy is to identify and develop foods that enhance satiety, thereby reducing subsequent energy intake (EI) (2,3) .SCFA have been suggested to have satiety-enhancing properties, with some researchers suggesting SCFA may explain the inverse association between dietary fibre intake and BW found in some observational studies (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16) . This review considers the evidence for SCFA having a role in appetite regulation, starting first with the description of SCFA, followed by a discussion of the SCFA-activated receptors FFA receptor 2 (FFA2) and FFA receptor 3 (FFA3), which provide a rationale that SCFA may have a role in energy homeostasis. Finally, studies that have investigated the effects of orally and colonically delivered SCFA on appetite are reviewed. SCFASCFA are organic fatty acids generated in the colon when non-digestible carbohydrates (NDC) such as dietary fibre, resistant starch and inulin resist digestion and absorption in the small intestine, instead proceeding to the colon to undergo bacterial fermentation. The SCFA formed comprise between one and seven carbon units, with acetate (two carbon units) being the most predominant anion in the colon, followed by propionate (three carbon units) and then Abbreviations: AUC, area under curve; BW, body weight; DP, degree of polymerisation; EI, energy intake; GLP-1, glucago...

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Section: The Role Of Scfa In Appetite Regulationmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Proceedings Of the Nutrition Societymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Patients With Gerd (N 9)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Do SCFA have a role in appetite regulation?

2011

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“…Supplementation with OFS is associated with a reduction in body fat in rodents and in adults and children with overweight or obesity ( 12 , 16 , 21 , 40 ). As hypothesized, the actions of OFS and sitagliptin resulted in greater weight loss than either treatment alone in obese female rats in the prepregnancy period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preconception Prebiotic and Sitagliptin Treatment in Obese Rats Affects Pregnancy Outcomes and Offspring Microbiota, Adiposity, and Glycemia

2017

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Maternal obesity is associated with increased risk of pregnancy complications and greater risk of obesity in offspring, but studies designed to examine preconception weight loss are limited. The objective of this study was to determine if a combined dietary [oligofructose (OFS)] and pharmacological (sitagliptin) preconception intervention could mitigate poor pregnancy outcomes associated with maternal obesity and improve offspring metabolic health and gut microbiota composition. Diet-induced obese female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to one of four intervention groups for 8 weeks: (1) Obese-Control (consumed control diet during intervention); (2) Obese-OFS (10% OFS diet); (3) Obese-S (sitagliptin drug); (4) Obese-OFS + S (combination treatment). Two reference groups were also included: (5) Obese-HFS (untreated obese consumed high fat/sucrose diet throughout study); (6) Lean-Control (lean reference group that were never obese and consumed control diet throughout). Offspring consumed control diet until 11 weeks of age followed by HFS diet until 17 weeks of age. The Obese-OFS + S rats lost weight during the intervention phase whereas the OFS and S treatments attenuated weight gain compared with Obese-HFS (p < 0.05). Gestational weight gain was lowest in Obese-OFS + S rats and highest in Obese-HFS rats (p < 0.05). Prepregnancy intervention did not affect reproductive parameters but did affect pregnancy outcomes including litter size. Male Obese-OFS offspring had significantly lower percent body fat than Obese-HFS at 17 weeks. Female Obese-S and Obese-OFS offspring had significantly lower fasting glucose at 17 weeks compared with Obese-Control and Obese-HFS. Clostridium cluster XI was higher in Obese-HFS and Obese-S dams at birth compared with all other groups. Dams with an adverse pregnancy outcome had significantly lower (p = 0.035) Lactobacillus spp. compared with dams with normal or small litters. At weaning, male offspring of Obese-HFS had higher levels of Methanobrevibacter than all other groups except Obese-S and female Obese-HFS offspring had higher Enterobacteriaceae compared with all other groups. At 11 and 17 weeks of age, Bacteroides/Prevotella spp. was significantly lower in male and female offspring of Obese-HFS dams compared with all other groups except Obese-OFS + S. Modest weight loss induced with a diet-drug combination did not affect maternal fecundity but did have sex-specific effects on offspring adiposity and glycemia that may be linked to changes in offspring microbiota.

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“…Consequently, due to its biosynthetic capacity, high yields and low agronomic requirements, chicory has high potential to become a versatile production host for molecular farming by providing many additional health-related products (Meijer and Mathijssen 1992). These include immunomodulatory prebiotics (Roberfroid 2008) and pharmaceuticals to prevent lifestyle diseases [e.g., obesity (Antal et al, 2008)], to promote gut health, to stimulate the immune system (Bodera 2008) or as alternative antibiotics (Sinkovic et al, 2017;Peña-Espinoza et al, 2018). To achieve this, new chicory variants need to be developed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental and socio-economic impacts of new plant breeding technologies: A case study of root chicory for inulin production

Hingsamer

Kulmer

Roode³

et al. 2022

Front. Genome Ed.

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In Europe, root chicory and other plants are cultivated for their prebiotic food fiber, inulin, which boosts the growth of beneficial gut bacteria and stimulates the human immune system. CHIC, a H2020 project, develops new chicory variants which produce more and reported to be healthier inulin as well as medicinal terpenes. This paper presents an environmental and socio-economic assessment of the whole value chain of the new chicory variants and their derived products using a case study based in the Netherlands. Two scenarios based on new chicory variants using new plant breeding technologies (NPBT) are analyzed and impacts thereof are compared to the reference scenario; the current commercial inulin process from conventional chicory. Both scenarios show higher inulin content, but the inulin adsorption process differs. While one aims to optimize inulin yield, the other one explores the potential of a multipurpose use, yielding inulin and health beneficial terpenes. Methodologically, we employ multi-regional input-output (MRIO) analysis to estimate additional economic benefits, added value and job creation, while by means of life cycle assessment (LCA) effects on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and primary energy demand are derived. Both methods, MRIO and LCA, are well suited to analyze the raised issues and draw on the same data. Generally, the results highlight the importance of inulin production at a national and EU-level in the reference scenario. In case of the two scenarios, we find that the related socio-economic impacts are much higher than in the reference scenario and thus highlight their ability to boost economic activity and increase competiveness of the EU, i.e. over 80% of the generated value added stays in the EU. In terms of environmental impacts, the two scenarios show lower GHG emissions and primary energy demand due to the higher efficiencies of the process in the scenarios compared to the reference inulin process. Additionally, regarding the goal of climate neutral production, we find that the majority of GHG emissions stem from the electricity mix and natural gas demand. Replacing these sources of energy with more renewable ones will contribute to this goal.

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Effects of oligofructose containing diet in obese persons

Abstract: The results of this pilot study appear to demonstrate that the Jerusalem artichoke concentrate produced by a new technology can be a promising component of future diet therapy.

Cited by 17 publications

References 18 publications

Do SCFA have a role in appetite regulation?

Do SCFA have a role in appetite regulation?

Preconception Prebiotic and Sitagliptin Treatment in Obese Rats Affects Pregnancy Outcomes and Offspring Microbiota, Adiposity, and Glycemia

Environmental and socio-economic impacts of new plant breeding technologies: A case study of root chicory for inulin production

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