Effects of oligofructose on appetite profile, glucagon-like peptide 1 and peptide YY3-36 concentrations and energy intake

Abstract

In rats, oligofructose has been shown to stimulate satiety hormone secretion, reduce energy intake and promote weight loss. The present study aimed to examine the effect of oligofructose supplementation on appetite profiles, satiety hormone concentrations and energy intake in human subjects. A total of thirty-one healthy subjects (ten men and twenty-one women) aged 28 (SEM 3) years with a BMI of 24·8 (SEM 0·3) kg/m 2 were included in a randomised double-blind, cross-over study. The subjects received 10 g oligofructose, 16 g oligofructose or 16 g placebo (maltodextrin) daily for 13 d, with a 2-week washout period between treatments. Appetite profile, active glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and peptide YY3-36 (PYY) concentrations and energy intake were assessed on days 0 and 13 of the treatment period. Time £ treatment interaction revealed a trend of reduction in energy intake over days 0 -13 by oligofructose (P¼ 0·068). Energy intake was significantly reduced (11 %) over time on day 13 compared with day 0 with 16 g/d oligofructose (2801 (SEM 301) v. 3217 (SEM 320) kJ, P, 0·05). Moreover, energy intake was significantly lower with 16 g/d oligofructose compared with 10 g/d oligofructose on day 13 (2801 (SEM 301) v. 3177 (SEM 276) kJ, P,0·05). Area under the curve (AUC) for GLP-1 on day 13 was significantly higher with 16 g/d oligofructose compared with 10 g/d oligofructose (45 (SEM 4) v. 41 (SEM 3) pmol/l £ h, P, 0·05). In the morning until lunch, AUC 0 -230 min for PYY on day 13 was significantly higher with 16 g/d oligofructose compared with 10 g/d oligofructose and placebo (409 (SEM 35) v. 222 (SEM 19) and 211 (SEM 20) pg/ml £ h, P,0·01). In conclusion, 16 g/d and not 10 g/d oligofructose may be an effective dose to reduce energy intake, possibly supported by higher GLP-1 and PYY concentrations.

The impact of oligofructose on stimulation of gut hormones, appetite regulation and adiposity

“…To date, there have been no studies directly compared the effect of oligofructose on energy regulation with an inert dietary fiber. Indeed, in previous studies oligofructose has been compared to maltodextrin, an absorbable carbohydrate as a control (5,(11)(12)(13).…”

Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load of a Carbohydrate-Rich and Protein-Rich Formula Diet

“…It has been shown that soy protein and whey protein products enhance satiety [47,48] which may reduce energy intake [49]. Moreover evidence suggests that the consumption of fructan such as oligofructose is associated with lowered subjective hunger ratings and tendency to increases the concentration of satiety hormones [50]. Based on the nutritional ingredients of both formula diets it would be expected that HC as well as HP formula diet have the same satiating effect.…”

Nutrients, satiety, and control of energy intake

“…Some evidence exists that prebiotic effects on gut peptide release and appetite might be dose-dependent. In a crossover study carried out in adults receiving a supplement of either 10 or 16 g of OFS versus placebo for 13 days, a significant effect of OFS on energy intake and gut PYY and GLP-1 responses appeared only with the 16-g dose (Verhoef et al 2011).…”