Effects of Ontogeny on δ13C of Plant- and Soil-Respired CO2 and on Respiratory Carbon Fractionation in C3 Herbaceous Species

Salmon, Yann; Buchmann, Nina; Barnard, Romain L.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0151583

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…In addition, the apparent isotope fractionation e was calculated based on δ 13 C sugars and the δ 13 C of dark respired CO 2 ( δ 13 C R ) following Salmon, Buchmann, and Barnard (2016):

e = \frac{δ^{13} C_{sugars} - δ^{13} C_{R}}{1 + δ^{13} C_{R}} .

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rethinking temperature effects on leaf growth, gene expression and metabolism: Diel variation matters

Kronenberg

Yates

Ghiasi

et al. 2020

Plant Cell & Environment

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Plants have evolved to grow under prominently fluctuating environmental conditions. In experiments under controlled conditions, temperature is often set to artificial, binary regimes with constant values at day and at night. This study investigated how such a diel (24 hr) temperature regime affects leaf growth, carbohydrate metabolism and gene expression, compared to a temperature regime with a field‐like gradual increase and decline throughout 24 hr. Soybean (Glycine max) was grown under two contrasting diel temperature treatments. Leaf growth was measured in high temporal resolution. Periodical measurements were performed of carbohydrate concentrations, carbon isotopes as well as the transcriptome by RNA sequencing. Leaf growth activity peaked at different times under the two treatments, which cannot be explained intuitively. Under field‐like temperature conditions, leaf growth followed temperature and peaked in the afternoon, whereas in the binary temperature regime, growth increased at night and decreased during daytime. Differential gene expression data suggest that a synchronization of cell division activity seems to be evoked in the binary temperature regime. Overall, the results show that the coordination of a wide range of metabolic processes is markedly affected by the diel variation of temperature, which emphasizes the importance of realistic environmental settings in controlled condition experiments.

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“…In addition, the apparent isotope fractionation e was calculated based on δ 13 C sugars and the δ 13 C of dark respired CO 2 ( δ 13 C R ) following Salmon, Buchmann, and Barnard (2016):

e = \frac{δ^{13} C_{sugars} - δ^{13} C_{R}}{1 + δ^{13} C_{R}} .

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rethinking temperature effects on leaf growth, gene expression and metabolism: Diel variation matters

Kronenberg

Yates

Ghiasi

et al. 2020

Plant Cell & Environment

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“…Lithocarpus glaber was used as a “phytometer” (Mwangi et al., ), that is, standardized plant material (same species, age and size of individuals), in our experiment. Using such a phytometer we could exclude ontogenetic or species‐specific variation in measured isotopic values (e.g., Bathellier et al., ; Ghashghaie & Badeck, ; Priault, Wegener, & Werner, ; Salmon et al., , ) and focus on the effects of the species diversity of the experimental communities on the target species.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such effects include diel variations of δ 13 C in respired CO 2 , postphotosynthetic and respiration fractionation and damping of the 13 C signal as it is transferred below ground (Gessler, Tcherkez, Peuke, Ghashghaie, & Farquhar, ; Kodama et al., ; Werner & Gessler, ). Furthermore, in recent years, biological controls (ontogeny, physiological adaptation to biotic and abiotic environment) have emerged as additional important drivers of short‐term C dynamics and its isotope signature (e.g., Bathellier et al., ; Ghashghaie & Badeck, ; Ghashghaie et al., ; Salmon, Barnard, & Buchmann, , ; Salmon, Buchmann, & Barnard, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surrounding species diversity improves subtropical seedlings’ carbon dynamics

Salmon

Yang

et al. 2018

Ecology and Evolution

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Increasing biodiversity has been linked to higher primary productivity in terrestrial ecosystems. However, the underlying ecophysiological mechanisms remain poorly understood. We investigated the effects of surrounding species richness (monoculture, two‐ and four‐species mixtures) on the ecophysiology of Lithocarpus glaber seedlings in experimental plots in subtropical China. A natural rain event isotopically labelled both the water uptaken by the L. glaber seedlings and the carbon in new photoassimilates through changes of photosynthetic discrimination. We followed the labelled carbon (C) and oxygen (O) in the plant–soil–atmosphere continuum. We measured gas‐exchange variables (C assimilation, transpiration and above‐ and belowground respiration) and δ13C in leaf biomass, phloem, soil microbial biomass, leaf‐ and soil‐respired CO 2 as well as δ18O in leaf and xylem water. The 13C signal in phloem and respired CO 2 in L. glaber in monoculture lagged behind those in species mixture, showing a slower transport of new photoassimilates to and through the phloem in monoculture. Furthermore, leaf‐water 18O enrichment above the xylem water in L. glaber increased after the rain in lower diversity plots suggesting a lower ability to compensate for increased transpiration. Lithocarpus glaber in monoculture showed higher C assimilation rate and water‐use efficiency. However, these increased C resources did not translate in higher growth of L. glaber in monoculture suggesting the existence of larger nongrowth‐related C sinks in monoculture. These ecophysiological responses of L. glaber, in agreement with current understanding of phloem transport are consistent with a stronger competition for water resources in monoculture than in species mixtures. Therefore, increasing species diversity in the close vicinity of the studied plants appears to alleviate physiological stress induced by water competition and to counterbalance the negative effects of interspecific competition on assimilation rates for L. glaber by allowing a higher fraction of the C assimilated to be allocated to growth in species mixture than in monoculture.

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“…[1]. The environmental and biological mechanisms can strongly influence the carbon isotopic composition of ecosystem-respired CO2 and play a major role in controlling processes of respiratory isotopic fractionation [2]. In order to predict the response of C balance to environmental changes, it is necessary to determine effects of different climate factors including diurnal and season temperature changes, precipitation level as well as the role of live vegetation (aboveground biomass, plant ground cover) in an ecosystem.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of climate factors and vegetation on the CO₂fluxes and δ¹³C from re-established grassland

2017

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Abstract.The relationship between stable carbon isotope composition (δ 13 C-CO2) of soil CO2 flux, vegetation cover and weather conditions was investigated in a short-term campaign at a temperate re-established grassland in Germany. During August-September 2016, we measured surface CO2 flux with a closed-chamber method at high and low soil moisture content ('wet', 'dry'), with and without above ground vegetation ('planted', 'clear-cut') and estimated the effects of treatments on respective δ 13 C-CO2 values. The concentration and stable carbon isotope composition of CO2 were determined using the gas chromatography and mass spectrometry analyses. The δ 13 C-CO2 of the soil fluxes decreased over sampling time for the 'dry-warm' conditions and canopy manipulation. The ecosystem-derived δ 13 C-CO2 values (corrected for the atmospheric δ 13 C-CO2) which included predominately soil-and rhizosphere respiration were −26.2 ± 0.8‰ for the 'dry-warm' conditions and decreased down to −28.1 ± 1.4‰ over a period of 28 days from late August to the end of September. The decrease coincided with the lowering of CO2 flux and could be attributed to changes in plant physiological processes at the end of the vegetation season. Though the removal of shoots did not significantly affect the δ 13 C-CO2 values as compared with the control, the pattern of further δ 13 C-CO2 decrease (down to −28.8 ± 0.8‰) supported the role of living vegetation in a contribution of 13 C-enriched CO2 to the ecosystem respiration.

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Effects of Ontogeny on δ13C of Plant- and Soil-Respired CO2 and on Respiratory Carbon Fractionation in C3 Herbaceous Species

Cited by 4 publications

References 55 publications

Rethinking temperature effects on leaf growth, gene expression and metabolism: Diel variation matters

Rethinking temperature effects on leaf growth, gene expression and metabolism: Diel variation matters

Surrounding species diversity improves subtropical seedlings’ carbon dynamics

Effects of climate factors and vegetation on the CO₂fluxes and δ¹³C from re-established grassland

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Effects of Ontogeny on δ13C of Plant- and Soil-Respired CO2 and on Respiratory Carbon Fractionation in C3 Herbaceous Species

Cited by 4 publications

References 55 publications

Rethinking temperature effects on leaf growth, gene expression and metabolism: Diel variation matters

Rethinking temperature effects on leaf growth, gene expression and metabolism: Diel variation matters

Surrounding species diversity improves subtropical seedlings’ carbon dynamics

Effects of climate factors and vegetation on the CO2fluxes and δ13C from re-established grassland

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Product

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Effects of climate factors and vegetation on the CO₂fluxes and δ¹³C from re-established grassland