Effects of oral administration of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis HN019 on the treatment of plaque-induced generalized gingivitis

Abstract

Objectives This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial evaluated the adjuvant effects of Bifidobacterium lactis HN019 on the treatment of plaque-induced generalized gingivitis. Materials and methods Sixty patients were submitted to professional supragingival scaling and prophylaxis. They were randomly assigned to test (probiotic lozenges containing B. lactis HN019, n = 30) or control (placebo lozenges, n = 30) groups. Lozenges were consumed twice a day for 8 weeks. Bleeding on probing (BoP), Gingival Index (GI), Plaque Index (PI), probing depth (PD), and clinical attachment level (CAL) were evaluated at baseline and after 2 and 8 weeks. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) was collected at baseline and at 8 weeks for analysis of the inflammatory mediators IL-1β, IL-1α, IL-8, MCP-1, and MIP-1β. Data were statistically analyzed (p < 0.05). Results After 8 weeks, both groups showed reduction in the percentage of PI, with no significant difference between groups (p = 0.7423). The test group presented a lower percentage of BoP and a higher percentage of sites with GI ≤ 1 when compared with the control group at the end of the study (p < 0.0001). At 8 weeks, the test group had a greater number of patients without generalized gingivitis than the control group (20 and 11 patients, respectively; p < 0.05). The test group presented significantly lower levels of IL-1α, IL-1β, and MCP-1 in GCF than the control group at the end of the study (p < 0.05). Conclusion The adjunct use of B. lactis HN019 promotes additional clinical and immunological benefits in the treatment of generalized gingivitis. Clinical relevance B. lactis HN019 can be an efficient and side-effect-free adjunct strategy in the treatment of generalized gingivitis.

Probiotics Support Resilience of the Oral Microbiota during Resolution after Experimental Gingivitis—A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Trial

“…Notably, in previous studies, measurements were based on gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples, which hampers comparison with our saliva-based data. Likewise, only a few studies investigated the impact of probiotics and gingivitis on cytokine levels; some found a favoring of the probiotics group [33][34][35], while others found no significant difference between the probiotics and placebo groups [36,37]. Our results support the latter finding, showing that supplementing with probiotics does not lead to significant increases or decreases in IL-1β, IL-8, or MCP-1 levels in individuals without clinical attachment loss.…”

“…In contrast, other previous gingivitis studies have shown that patients who return to gingival health after treatment continue to have inflammatory mediators in saliva for weeks after returning to healthy clinical conditions, indicating that longer interventions and follow-ups are needed to detect any changes [31,32]. Few studies have investigated the impact of experimental gingivitis or treatment on IL-1β, IL-8, or MCP-1 levels [33][34][35][36][37]. Notably, in previous studies, measurements were based on gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples, which hampers comparison with our saliva-based data.…”

Standardization of the protocol for oral cavity examination and collecting of the biological samples for microbiome research using the next-generation sequencing (NGS): own experience with the COVID-19 patients

“…The metaanalysis of 554 patients shows that oral probiotics did not lead to significant improvement in the GI, PI, and BOP values in the patients with plaque-induced gingivitis and microbiota 41 . However, some studies prove that the use of selected oral probiotics might promote additional clinical and immunological benefits while treating generalized gingivitis 42 , 43 .…”

Antigingivitis and Antiplaque Effects of Oral Probiotic Containing the Streptococcus salivarius M18 Strain: A Randomized Clinical Trial

“…Secondary endpoints were changes in the Turesky modification of the Quigley and Hein Plaque Index (TQHPI) values after the one-month intervention period and after the one-month follow-up. The parameters were assessed as described in previous studies [ 59 , 60 , 61 ].…”