Effects of Oral Prednisone Administration on Serum Cystatin C in Dogs

Abstract

BackgroundOral administration of glucocorticoid alters serum cystatin C (sCysC) concentration in humans.ObjectiveTo determine if oral administration of prednisone alters sCysC in dogs without pre‐existing renal disease.AnimalsForty six dogs were included: 10 dogs diagnosed with steroid responsive meningitis arteritis (SRMA; group A), 20 dogs diagnosed of pituitary‐dependent hyperadrenocorticism (PDH; group B), and 16 healthy control dogs (group C).MethodsRetrospective observational study. SRMA diagnosed dogs were administered prednisone 4 mg/kg/24 h PO 7 days, reducing the dose to 2 mg/kg/24 h 7 days before medication withdrawal. In group A, sampling was performed at days 0, 7, 14 and a final control at day 21. Blood and urine samples were collected in the 3 groups, and in group A, sampling was performed at all time points (days 1, 7, 14, and 21).ResultsIn group A, sCysC was significantly higher at day 7 compared to the control group (0.4 ± 0.04 mg/L vs. 0.18 ± 0.03 mg/L mean ± SEM respectively P < 0.01); sCysC values decreased to basal at day 14 when the dose was decreased and after 1 week of withdrawal of prednisone (0.27 ± 0.03 mg/L for group A at day 14 and 0.15 ± 0.02 mg/L at day 21; P > 0.05). Dogs with PDH included in group B did not have significant differences in sCysC (0.22 ± 0.03 mg/L) compared to control (P > 0.05).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceOral administration of prednisone unlike altered endogenous glucocorticoid production, increases sCysC in dogs in a dose‐dependent fashion.

The effect of glucocorticoids on serum cystatin C in identifying acute kidney injury: a propensity-matched cohort study

“…Bjarnadottir et al demonstrated in vitro that dexamethasone could lead to CysC level increase by the dose-dependent manner [ 23 ]. Recent studies confirmed this in animals [ 24 , 25 ], and we found similar results in our current study. We found that sCysC level in glucocorticoid users was higher than that in non-users, no matter with or without matching.…”

“…However, it was shown that glucocorticoids could stimulate the production of CysC in vitro [ 23 ]. Moreover, glucocorticoid medication would also increase sCysC concentrations in experimental animals, such as rats and dogs [ 24 , 25 ]. Glucocorticoids have extensive applications in human medicine because of its functions of anti-inflammation and immunosuppression.…”

Serum cystatin C concentration can be used to evaluate glomerular filtration rate in small dogs

“…However, serum Cre concentrations are more stable within a single individual than are measurements of SDMA and CysC [19,28]. Serum CysC concentrations can be increased by various extrarenal factors, including administration of prednisolone [27], hyperadrenocorticism [21]. In our study, serum CysC concentrations correlated directly with body weight; dogs that weighed < 20 kg had significantly lower levels of serum Cre and serum CysC than did dogs that weighed ≥ 20kg.…”

“…In this study, we excluded dogs that had been treated with prednisolone [27] or diagnosed with hyperadrenocorticism [21] or thyroid disease [11,34]; likewise, we excluded dogs that were obese, overly thin, or had a history of weight loss prior to the study initiation [31]. The elimination of these confounders increased overall probability of detection of CysC in association with decreased PCio.…”

Mathematical Modelling Using Predictive Biomarkers for the Outcome of Canine Leishmaniasis upon Chemotherapy

“…Glucocorticoid therapy benefits in the treatment of CanL have been described previously [20,25,26]. It is worth mentioning that several studies have shown that the short-or long-term oral glucocorticoid administration in dogs do not induce significant changes in the several hematological and biochemical parameters [64][65][66][67]. The four-week course of prednisolone did not seem to have interfered with the biomarkers evaluated herein, as evaluations at T1 did not behave differently than those seen at subsequent follow-up points, as demonstrated in Figures 2-4.…”