Effects of orbital forcing on atmosphere and ocean heat transports in Holocene and Eemian climate simulations with a comprehensive Earth system model

Fischer, Nils; Jungclaus, Johann

doi:10.5194/cp-6-155-2010

Cited by 63 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The evaluation of a 300-yr control simulation with ECHAM5/MPIOM already showed that the tropical sea surface temperature climatology is well simulated and that global-scale heat and freshwater-transport are in agreement with observations (Jungclaus et al, 2006). Furthermore, ECHAM5/MPIOM has been successfully applied to different paleoclimate states such as Mid-Holocene climate and transient Holocene climate simulations (Fischer and Jungclaus, 2010;Otto et al, 2009;Dallmeyer et al, 2010;Vamborg et al, 2011), Last Glacial Maximum simulations (Mikolajewicz, 2011;Arpe et al, 2011), Eemian climate simulations (Fischer and Jungclaus, 2010;Schurgers et al, 2006) and Eocene climate simulations (Heinemann et al, 2009).…”

Section: Ensemble Simulations With Echam/mpiommentioning

confidence: 85%

Simulated climate variability in the region of Rapa Nui during the last millennium

Junk¹,

Claußen

2011

Clim. Past

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Abstract. Rapa Nui, an isolated island in the Southeast Pacific, was settled by the Polynesians most likely around 1200 AD and was discovered by the Europeans in 1722 AD. While the Polynesians presumably found a profuse palm woodland on Rapa Nui, the Europeans faced a landscape dominated by grassland. Scientists have examined potential anthropogenic, biological and climatic induced vegetation changes on Rapa Nui. Here, we analyse observational climate data for the last decades and climate model results for the period 800-1750 AD to explore the potential for a climatic-induced vegetation change. A direct influence of the ENSO phenomenon on the climatic parameters of Rapa Nui could not be found in the model simulations. Furthermore, strong climatic trends from a warm Medieval Period to a Little Ice Age or rapid climatic fluctuations due to large volcanic eruptions were not verifiable for the Rapa Nui region, although they are detectable in the simulations for many regions world wide. Hence, we tentatively conclude that largescale climate changes in the oceanic region around Rapa Nui might be too small to explain strong vegetation changes on the island over the last millennium.

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Section: Ensemble Simulations With Echam/mpiommentioning

confidence: 85%

Simulated climate variability in the region of Rapa Nui during the last millennium

Junk¹,

Claußen

2011

Clim. Past

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“…Transient simulations usually rely on earth system models of intermediate complexity , while general circulation models (GCMs) primarily are employed for equilibrium, snapshot simulations (Fischer and Jungclaus 2010;Govin et al 2012;Lunt et al 2013;Nikolova et al 2013;Otto-Bliesner et al 2013;Langebroek and Nisancioglu 2014). Recent model assessments find very low global annual mean warming during LIG, contrasting the proxy reconstruction estimate of 1-2 K warming (Masson-Delmotte et al 2013;Otto-Bliesner et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While these patterns agree qualitatively with proxy reconstructions, the models generally underestimate the magnitude of the changes Masson-Delmotte et al 2013;Lunt et al 2013;Otto-Bliesner et al 2013). Several models have the strongest warming occurring in the North Atlantic region as a consequence of retreating sea ice and changes in the ocean circulation (Fischer and Jungclaus 2010;Lunt et al 2013;Nikolova et al 2013;Otto-Bliesner et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The last interglacial climate: comparing direct and indirect impacts of insolation changes

2016

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“…However, anomalously warm conditions in the Arctic stand in contrast to the global DJF cooling at 6, 9, 125, 405, and 416 ka. The Arctic warming is due to the remnant effect of the polar summer insolation through ocean-sea-ice feedbacks (Fischer and Jungclaus, 2010;Herold et al, 2012; Kleinen et al, 2014). Anomalous shortwave radiation during the Arctic summer leads to enhanced melting of sea ice and warming of the upper polar ocean.…”

Section: Djf Surface Temperature Anomaliesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intra-interglacial climate variability: model simulations of Marine Isotope Stages 1, 5, 11, 13, and 15

2016

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Abstract. Using the Community Climate System Model version 3 (CCSM3) including a dynamic global vegetation model, a set of 13 time slice experiments was carried out to study global climate variability between and within the Quaternary interglacials of Marine Isotope Stages (MISs) 1, 5, 11, 13, and 15. The selection of interglacial time slices was based on different aspects of inter-and intra-interglacial variability and associated astronomical forcing. The different effects of obliquity, precession, and greenhouse gas (GHG) forcing on global surface temperature and precipitation fields are illuminated. In most regions seasonal surface temperature anomalies can largely be explained by local insolation anomalies induced by the astronomical forcing. Climate feedbacks, however, may modify the surface temperature response in specific regions, most pronounced in the monsoon domains and the polar oceans. GHG forcing may also play an important role for seasonal temperature anomalies, especially at high latitudes and early Brunhes interglacials (MIS 13 and 15) when GHG concentrations were much lower than during the later interglacials. High-versus low-obliquity climates are generally characterized by strong warming over the Northern Hemisphere extratropics and slight cooling in the tropics during boreal summer. During boreal winter, a moderate cooling over large portions of the Northern Hemisphere continents and a strong warming at high southern latitudes is found. Beside the well-known role of precession, a significant role of obliquity in forcing the West African monsoon is identified. Other regional monsoon systems are less sensitive or not sensitive at all to obliquity variations during interglacials. Moreover, based on two specific time slices (394 and 615 ka), it is explicitly shown that the West African and Indian monsoon systems do not always vary in concert, challenging the concept of a global monsoon system on astronomical timescales. High obliquity can also explain relatively warm Northern Hemisphere high-latitude summer temperatures despite maximum precession around 495 ka (MIS 13). It is hypothesized that this obliquity-induced high-latitude warming may have prevented a glacial inception at that time.

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Effects of orbital forcing on atmosphere and ocean heat transports in Holocene and Eemian climate simulations with a comprehensive Earth system model

Cited by 63 publications

References 42 publications

Simulated climate variability in the region of Rapa Nui during the last millennium

Simulated climate variability in the region of Rapa Nui during the last millennium

The last interglacial climate: comparing direct and indirect impacts of insolation changes

Intra-interglacial climate variability: model simulations of Marine Isotope Stages 1, 5, 11, 13, and 15

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