Effects of organic fertilizers on yield, soil physico-chemical property, soil microbial community diversity and structure of Brassica rapa var. Chinensis

Abstract

The amount of chemical fertilizer for vegetables is on the high level in China. The use of organic fertilizers to meet the nutrient requirement of crops will be an inevitable practice in sustainable agriculture. In this study, we compared the effects of pig manure fertilizer, rabbit manure fertilizer and chemical fertilizer on yield, quality of Brassica rapa var. Chinensis, soil physico-chemical properties and microbial community by using two consecutive seasons of three fertilizers in a pot experiment. The results were as follows: (1) In the first season, the fresh yield of Brassica rapa var. Chinensis applying chemical fertilizer was significantly (p ≤ 5%) higher than those of applying the pig manure and rabbit manure fertilizer, and the results were the opposite in the second season. The total soluble sugar concentration of fresh Brassica rapa var. Chinensis applying rabbit manure fertilizer was significantly (p ≤ 5%) higher than those of applying pig manure fertilizer and chemical fertilizer in the first season, and the NO3-N content of fresh Brassica rapa var. Chinensis on the contrary. (2) The organic fertilizer increased the concentration of total nitrogen, total phosphorus and organic carbon in soil in both two seasons. Rabbit manure fertilizer increased the soil pH and EC and significantly (p ≤ 5%) reduced the soil NO3-N content. (3) The pig manure and rabbit manure fertilizer significantly (p ≤ 5%) increased the diversity and abundance of soil bacterial of Brassica rapa var. Chinensis, but had no significant effect on soil fungi. Pearson correlation analysis showed that soil TN, TP, organic carbon content and EC were significantly correlated with soil bacterial α - diversity. There were significant differences (p ≤ 5%) in the bacterial community structures between three treatments in two seasons, and significant differences (p ≤ 5%) in the fungal community structures between fertilizer treatments while not between two seasons. Pig manure and rabbit manure fertilizer decreased the relative abundance of soil Acidobacteria and Crenarchaeota, rabbit manure fertilizer significantly increased the abundance of Actinobacteria in the second season. Distance-based redundancy analysis (dbRDA) showed that soil EC, TN, and organic carbon content were key physico-chemical factors in determining bacterial community structure in Brassica rapa var. Chinensis soil, and soil NO3-N, EC, SOC concentration and soil pH in the fungal community structure.

Analysis of NPK in <i>Camellia sinensis</i>, <i>Gliricidia sepium</i>, and <i>Musa acuminata</i> Biomasses for Preparation of an Organic Fertilizers Formula for Young Tea Plants (<i>Musa acuminata</i>) and Studying of Their Nutrient Release Capacity in the Biodegradation Process

“…Organic fertilizers can be obtained from agricultural waste, livestock manure, municipal waste, and sludge [2]. Organic fertilizers increase the waterholding capacity, microbial growth, and soil structure [8] [9]. The drawbacks of organic fertilizers are the unequal distribution of nutrients, slow release of nutrients, inconsistent product composition, and requirement in high quantities [8] [9].…”

“…Organic fertilizers increase the waterholding capacity, microbial growth, and soil structure [8] [9]. The drawbacks of organic fertilizers are the unequal distribution of nutrients, slow release of nutrients, inconsistent product composition, and requirement in high quantities [8] [9]. Besides, the world is slowly moving towards organic fertilizers to overcome the environmental problems caused by chemical fertilizers such as soil acidification, soil pH change, the release of greenhouse gases, the release of heavy metals, and the destruction of beneficial species, which ultimately cause severe impact on human health [10] [11].…”

Effects of Combined Application of Organic Fertilizer on the Growth and Yield of Pakchoi under Different Irrigation Water Types

“…Numerous researchers have reported that applying organic fertilizer not only leads to an increase in the plant height and individual weight of pakchoi but also results in elevated levels of essential components such as vitamin C, soluble sugars, and soluble proteins in pakchoi. Conversely, the application of organic fertilizer has been shown to reduce nitrate content [54][55][56]. The combined application of organic fertilizer with fresh water, brackish water, and magnetized-ionized brackish water irrigation had a substantial effect on the fresh weight, dry weight, and growth rate of pakchoi.…”

Increasing silage maize yield and nitrogen use efficiency as a result of combined rabbit manure and mineral nitrogen fertilization

“…Rabbit manure can be used directly to fertilize crops 10 , 12 , 13 , as an ingredient in plant growth substrates 14 , 15 , as an adsorbent 16 , for biochar production 17 , 18 , and even in anaerobic fermentation to produce methane 19 .…”