Effects of Orthognathic Surgery on Speech and Breathing of Subjects With Cleft Lip and Palate: Acoustic and Aerodynamic Assessment

Abstract

On a long-term basis, orthognathic surgery modifies speech nasalance of some subjects with cleft, perhaps because of an increase in internal nose size. This may also improve nasal patency for breathing.

Correlação entre nasalância e nasalidade em crianças com hipernasalidade

“…Values below 27% were considered indicative of normal speech resonance. As reported in the literature 33 , this score is the value that maximized sensitivity and specificity of the nasometry in identifying the presence or absence of hypernasality.…”

“…To interpret the nasalance scores, the cutoff value of 27% was used based on previous descriptions of the literature 33 . Thus, nasalance values higher than 27% were considered indicative of excessive amount of acoustic nasal energy or hypernasality.…”

Elaboração de um Protocolo de Avaliação Instrumental da Fala (PRAINF) baseado em critérios linguísticos e psicométricos

“…General description of the analysis process of selected words young adults); have all speech-language assessments within the normal range (adequate oral and expressive language, adequate orofacial structures and functions, adequate voice to the speaker, adequate respiratory type and mode, and auditory thresholds within the normal range); have normal otorhinolaryngological report; have a nasalance degree of less than 27% (19) . Adults would be excluded if they reported complaints about speech, voice and / or hearing; if they presented language alterations; if they had already taken speech therapy; if they had a history of phonetic and / or phonological alterations; if they had allergic conditions; if they use dental prosthesis or fixed or mobile dental appliance; if they were people with special needs and, for example, used a wheelchair; if they were users of controlled drugs, alcohol, tobacco and illicit drugs; if they presented neurological or psychiatric conditions.…”

Velopharyngeal changes after maxillary distraction in cleft patients using a rigid external distraction device: A retrospective study

“…2 Le Fort I maxillary advancement offers significant improvement in terms of esthetic, functional, and psychosocial benefits. However, this immediate surgical advancement can trigger or worsen velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI), [3][4][5][6][7] which is one of the most important problems affecting speech in CLP patients. 8 Recently, distraction osteogenesis (DO) has been recognized as a widely accepted method to correct maxillary hypoplasia in CLP patients, with predictable and stable results.…”