Effects of oscillating laser offset on microstructure and properties of dissimilar Al/steel butt-joint

Meng, Yunfei; Gong, Mengcheng; Zhang, Shuai; Zhang, Yazhou; Gao, Ming

doi:10.1016/j.optlaseng.2020.106037

Cited by 40 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Laser-CMT was also studied by Meng et al [93]: they proposed the application of circular beam oscillation to butt-join AA6061 to AISI304 stainless steel, shown in Figure 13. The authors varied the laser offset distance keeping all other processing parameters constant, and found that the offset distance strongly influences not only the formation of welding imperfections, but also the Fe element distribution within the fusion zone and the characteristics of the IMC layer.…”

Section: Butt Jointsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent Developments in Laser Welding of Aluminum Alloys to Steel

Wallerstein

Salminen

Lusquiños

et al. 2021

Metals

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The development of high-performance dissimilar aluminum–steel joints is necessary to promote the feasibility of multi-material design and lightweight manufacturing. However, joining aluminum to steel is a challenging task mainly due to the formation of brittle intermetallic compounds (IMC) at the joint interface. Laser welding is considered a very promising joining process for dissimilar materials, although its application in industry is still limited by the insufficient mechanical performance of the joints. The present paper aims to give a comprehensive review of relevant recent research work on laser joining of aluminum to steel, contributing to highlighting the latest achievements that could boost acceptance of laser joining of dissimilar materials by the modern industries. To this end, the most important challenges in laser joining of aluminum to steel are presented, followed by recent approaches to overcome these challenges, the state-of-art of comprehension of IMC formation and growth, and the different strategies to minimize them.

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Section: Butt Jointsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…∆D is the laser offset distance,A is the oscillating amplitude, ∆F is the defocusing distance, α is the angle between arc torch and base metal, CTWD stands for "contact tip to workpiece distance", and D LA is the laser-arc distance. (Reprinted with permission from ref [93]…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Developments in Laser Welding of Aluminum Alloys to Steel

Wallerstein

Salminen

Lusquiños

et al. 2021

Metals

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“…An alternative to a defocused laser beam is the use of a longitudinal, transverse, or circular wobbling of the beam (laser or electron), which is widely used in both laser and electron beam technologies [30,31]. Moreover, optimization of the beam wobbling parameters can lead to the minimization of defects and unevenness of the weld bead.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Laser Beam Wobbling Parameters on Microstructure and Properties of 316L Stainless Steel Multi Passed Repaired Parts

et al. 2022

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The results of experimental studies of repair of the supporting structure components made of 316L steel multi-pass laser cladding with filler wire are presented. The influence of the wobbling mode parameters, welding speed, and laser power on the formation of the deposited metal during multi-pass laser cladding with filler wire of 316L steel samples into a narrow slot groove, 6 mm deep and 3 mm wide, are shown. Non-destructive testing, metallographic studies, and mechanical tests of the deposited metal before and after heat treatment (2 h at 450 °C) were carried out. Based on the results of experimental studies, the optimal modes of laser beam wobbling were selected (amplitude—1.3 mm, frequency—100 Hz) at which the formation of a bead of optimal dimensions (height—1672 μm, width—3939 μm, depth of penetration into the substrate—776 μm) was ensured. A laser cladding technology with ESAB OK Autrode 316L filler wire has been developed, which has successfully passed the certification for conformity with the ISO 15614-11 standard. Studies of the chemical elements’ distribution before and after heat treatment showed that, after heat treatment along the grain boundaries, particles with a significantly higher Mo content (5.50%) were found in the sample, presumably precipitated phases. Microstructure studies and microhardness measurements showed that the upper part metal of the third pass, which has a lower microhardness (75% of base metal), higher ferrite content, and differently oriented dendritic austenite, significantly differs from the rest of the cladded metal.

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“…In recent years, laser oscillation welding has allowed more precise control of the laser energy distribution by adjusting the oscillation frequency and amplitude [31][32][33][34], which can obtain better process stability and welding performance without any pretreatment. This property has been well demonstrated in the field of welding of homogeneous and dissimilar materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the research of Shi et al [33] demonstrated that beam oscillation created a stirring effect to promote solute flow and uniformize the temperature distribution of the molten pool in laser welding of aluminum alloys. Meng et al [34] found that beam oscillation could promote the element distribution uniformity in laser welding of aluminum/steel dissimilar materials, thus nearly doubling the tensile strength of joints. More importantly, our previous research found that the use of beam oscillation in LTJ of PET and 304SS can improve the thermal deterioration defects of the joint by optimizing the scanning radius, which is 26% higher than the shear tension of the non-scanned joint [35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oscillating Laser Conduction Joining of Dissimilar PET to Stainless Steel

2022

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How to improve the bonding strength of polymers to metals has been one of the challenges in joining fields. It is generally assumed that laser transmission joining is better than laser conduction joining (LCJ) for transparent polymers, and few studies have been focused on LCJ. However, by introducing beam oscillation, an excellent result was obtained in the LCJ of transparent polyethylene terephthalate (PET) to 304 stainless steel. The interface defects of thermal decomposition and bubbles could be eliminated or reduced more efficiently in oscillating laser conduction joining (O-LCJ) rather than transmission joining. Correspondingly, the tensile shear force of joint O-LCJ could be increased by 23.8%, and the plasticity characterized by tensile displacement could be increased by seven times. The improvement mechanism was attributed to two factors by calculating the interface energy distribution and analyzing the force state at the interface. One is the homogenization of interface energy distribution caused by beam oscillation, which decreases the degradation and destruction of polymer macromolecular chains induced by high temperature. The other is the formation of interface bi-directional forces that both inhibit the porosity formation and intensify the chemical reactions. The results bring new insights and provide a new pathway to improve the joining performances of dissimilar polymers to metals.

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Effects of oscillating laser offset on microstructure and properties of dissimilar Al/steel butt-joint

Cited by 40 publications

References 31 publications

Recent Developments in Laser Welding of Aluminum Alloys to Steel

Recent Developments in Laser Welding of Aluminum Alloys to Steel

Influence of Laser Beam Wobbling Parameters on Microstructure and Properties of 316L Stainless Steel Multi Passed Repaired Parts

Oscillating Laser Conduction Joining of Dissimilar PET to Stainless Steel

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