Effects of Osmotic Pressure on Water Transport in W1/O/W2 Emulsions

Wen, Li-Xiong; Papadopoulos, K.

doi:10.1006/jcis.2000.7384

Cited by 100 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In our previous work, it was found that the transport of NaCl through the oil membranes in stable W 1 /O/W 2 double emulsions could not be observed when the oil films were extremely thin [17]. It was also found that the water transport through a very thin oil film was very quick and occurred mainly via the hydrated surfactant mechanism, while the water migration across a thicker oil film was significantly slower and it was dominated by spontaneously emulsified droplets and reverse micelle mechanisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…It was also found that the water transport through a very thin oil film was very quick and occurred mainly via the hydrated surfactant mechanism, while the water migration across a thicker oil film was significantly slower and it was dominated by spontaneously emulsified droplets and reverse micelle mechanisms. Water transport cannot be accomplished by the mechanism of "molecules passing through thin lamellae of surfactants" [17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transport of ions through the oil phase of W1/O/W2 double emulsions

Cheng

Chen

Zhao

et al. 2007

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transport of ions through the oil phase of W1/O/W2 double emulsions

Cheng

Chen

Zhao

et al. 2007

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

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“…Decreases in conductivity values can be related to phase inversion (Tadros, 2004) while increases in these values can be caused by three main factors: (i) diffusion of an electrolyte; (ii) phenomenon of coalescence; or even (iii) destruction of the oil interface (Wen, Papadopoulos, 2001;Pays et al, 2002). F10 formulation showed a statistically significant (p<0.05) decrease in electrical conductivity values after frost/defrost cycles while F4 showed a statistically significant (p<0.05) increase in values after thermal stress, all of which could be related to system instability.…”

Section: Preliminary Stability Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill extracts from Brazilian Caatinga as an alternative of natural moisturizer in cosmetic formulations

Damasceno¹,

Silva²,

Fernandes³

et al. 2016

Braz. J. Pharm. Sci.

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The aim of this work was the obtainment of Opuntia fícus-indica (L.) Mill extract for the development of cosmetic formulations and in vivo evaluation of its moisturizing effects. The formulations were tested for preliminary and accelerated stability. Organoleptic characteristics, pH values and rheological behavior were assessed. The evaluation of moisturizing efficacy of the emulsions formulated with 3.0% of Polyacrylamide (and) C13-14 Isoparaffin (and) Laureth-7 containing 1.0 and 3.0% of O. ficus-indica hydroglycolic extract (EHG001) was performed using the capacitance method (Corneometer®) and the transepidermal water loss -TEWL evaluation (Tewameter®). The emulsions formulated were stable, exhibiting pseudoplastic and thixotropic behavior. The results of evaluation of moisturizing efficacy showed increased skin hydration after five hours by mainly increasing the skin barrier effect. The formulations containing 1.0 and 3.0% of EHG001 enhanced the skin barrier effect by reducing TEWL up to four hours after application. The results observed suggest that O. ficus-indica hydroglycolic extract may act through a humectant and occlusion mechanism.Uniterms Opuntia fícus indica/emulsion stability. Opuntia fícus indica/cosmetic efficacy. Skin/cosmetics/ use/efficacy

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“…The correction of osmolality can be done using a low concentration of glycerol (formulation A: 1.5% [w/w] and formulation B: 2.25% [w/w]) and with the same concentration in the external and internal aqueous phases, to limit water exchange between the two phases. 32,33 Formulation C, which was found to be hypertonic, would have to be diluted before parenteral administration. With the view to their potential administration via the oral route, a short term stability study, with pH 1.2 and 6.8 aqueous solutions simulating gastric and intestinal pH, respectively, showed no modification of their macroscopic aspects and no creaming, precipitation, or phase separation during the 2 hours of observation.…”

Section: Multiple W/o/w Nanoemulsion Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formulation and cytotoxicity evaluation of new self-emulsifying multiple W/O/W nanoemulsions

Sigward¹,

Mignet²,

Rat³

et al. 2013

IJN

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Three multiple water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) nanoemulsions have been designed for potential inclusion of either lipophilic or hydrophilic drugs using a two-step emulsification process exclusively based on low-energy self-emulsification. The W/O primary emulsion was constituted by a blend of oil (medium chain triglyceride), a mixture (7:3) of two surfactants, and a 10% water phase. The surfactants were a mixture of Polysorbate-85/Labrasol ® , Polysorbate-85/ Cremophor ® EL or glycerol/Polysorbate-85. The final W/O/W nanoemulsions were obtained by the addition of water, with a weight ratio nanoemulsion/water of 1:2. The multiple emulsion stability was found to increase from 24 hours to 2 and 6 months with Labrasol, glycerol, and Cremophor, respectively. Cytotoxicity was found for formulations including Labrasol and Cremophor EL. The concentration of emulsion inhibiting 50% cell viability (IC 50 ) was determined using the alamarBlue ® test, giving after 24 hours of incubation, IC 50 = 10.2 mg/mL for the Labrasol formulation and IC 50 = 11.8 mg/mL for the Cremophor EL formulation. Corresponding calculated IC 50 values for surfactants were 0.51 mg/mL for Labrasol and 0.59 mg/mL for Cremophor EL. In both cases, cytotoxicity was due to an apoptotic mechanism, evidenced by chromatin condensation and P2X7 cell death receptor activation. The formulation including glycerol, investigated between 1 and 100 mg/mL concentration of nanoemulsion, did not affect cell viability. Moreover, neither chromatin condensation nor P2X7 activation was found between the 10 and 30 mg/mL final concentration of the emulsion. This last formulation would therefore be of major interest for further developments.

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Effects of Osmotic Pressure on Water Transport in W1/O/W2 Emulsions

Cited by 100 publications

References 23 publications

Transport of ions through the oil phase of W1/O/W2 double emulsions

Transport of ions through the oil phase of W1/O/W2 double emulsions

Use of Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill extracts from Brazilian Caatinga as an alternative of natural moisturizer in cosmetic formulations

Formulation and cytotoxicity evaluation of new self-emulsifying multiple W/O/W nanoemulsions

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