Effects of Panax ginseng polysaccharides on the gut microbiota in mice with antibiotic-associated diarrhea

Li, Shanshan; Qi, Yuli; Chen, Lixue; Qu, Di; Li, Zhiman; Gao, Kun; Chen, Jianbo; Sun, Yinshi

doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.271

Cited by 116 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…According to ours and other previous studies, sulfate groups of marine polysaccharides are closely related with their biological activity, such as antibacterial and anti-tumor activities [3,6]. The content of sulfate groups should be another important factor for the inhibiting effect of sulfated galactans on ETEC K88.…”

Section: Effect Of Molecular Weight On Antibacterial Activitysupporting

confidence: 52%

“…Various antibiotics have been widely used in the treatment of diarrhea, and the curative effect is definite. However, the use of these drugs can damage the growth of intestinal probiotics [3]. In addition, owing to the long-term use of antibiotics, genetic mutations and selective pressure have pushed enteric pathogenic bacteria to become resistant or multi-resistant to antibiotics [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the use of these drugs can damage the growth of intestinal probiotics [3]. In addition, owing to the long-term use of antibiotics, genetic mutations and selective pressure have pushed enteric pathogenic bacteria to become resistant or multi-resistant to antibiotics [3]. Therefore, the development of novel compounds as alternative therapies or preventive agents has become increasingly important.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inhibitory Effect of Depolymerized Sulfated Galactans from Marine Red Algae on the Growth and Adhesion of Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli

Liu

et al. 2019

Marine Drugs

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Active polysaccharides as safe and natural polymers against bacterial diarrhea have been reconsidered as an alternative to antibiotics. This work investigated the inhibiting effect of depolymerized sulfated galactans from Eucheuma serra and Gracilaria verrucosa on the growth and adhesion of diarrheagenic enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) K88. Results showed that the sulfated polysaccharides with molecular weight distribution ≤20.0 kDa exhibited antibacterial activity against ETEC K88. A structure–activity study revealed that the anti-ETEC K88 activity of sulfated polysaccharides is strictly determined by their molecular weight distribution, sulfate group content, and monosaccharide composition. In addition, the promoted nucleic acid release and the fluorescence quenching of membrane proteins were observed after the treatment with selected polysaccharides. Scanning electron microscopy further confirmed that the depolymerized sulfated galactans can effectively inhibit ETEC K88 adhesion. In conclusion, depolymerized sulfated galactans exhibited an inhibitory effect on the growth and adhesion of ETEC K88.

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Section: Effect Of Molecular Weight On Antibacterial Activitysupporting

confidence: 52%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inhibitory Effect of Depolymerized Sulfated Galactans from Marine Red Algae on the Growth and Adhesion of Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli

Liu

et al. 2019

Marine Drugs

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“…Polysaccharides are widely distributed in plants and have been reported to modulate the gut microbiota under various conditions [31]. Polygonatum kingianum polysaccharides can improve the gut microbial environment in diabetic rats [22]; Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides can affect the gut microbial environment in mice with chronic pancreatitis [32]; Panax ginseng [33] polysaccharides can modulate the gut microbial environment in mice with antibiotic-associated diarrhea; and Dictyophora indusiata polysaccharides [34] can promote recovery from antibiotic-driven intestinal dysbiosis and improve gut epithelial barrier function in mice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Structure Features and Improving Effects of Polysaccharide from Astragalus membranaceus on Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea

Ren

et al. 2019

Antibiotics

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Astragalus membranaceus (Astragalus) is often used as a medical and food resource in China. The present study was designed to investigate the features and effects of polysaccharide from Astragalus membranaceus (WAP) on rats with antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD). WAP was mainly composed of glucose, galactose, arabinose and glacturonic acid, with glucan, arabinogalactan and RG-I regions, and it showed loosely irregular sheet conformation. WAP decreased the inflammatory cell infiltration of colon in AAD rats, increased propionate and butyrate production, improved metabolic levels, adjusted the diversity and composition of gut microbiota, increased the relative abundance of Pseudomonas, and decreased the relative abundance of Allobaculum and Coprococcus. In conclusion, WAP contained different types of polysaccharide regions and sheet three-dimensional conformation, while it ameliorated AAD by recovering the colon structure, adjusting the gut microbiota, and improving the SCFAs levels. The results can provide some data basis for natural products to alleviate the side effects related to antibiotics.

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“…genetic) and extrinsic (e.g. diet and gut microbiota) factors [16,17]. Thus, considering the effect of Folium sennae on the multiple systems of organism, there are reasons to believe that the changes of intestinal microflora and microbial metabolites may be a way of pharmacological mechanism of diarrhea induced by Folium sennae.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Tryptophan-Metabolizing Microbiota On Diarrhea Mice Caused by Folium sennae Extracts

Zhang

Shao

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract (1) Background: Although reports have provided evidence that diarrhea caused by Folium sennae can result in intestinal flora diversity disorder, the intestinal bacterial characteristic and specific mechanism are still unknown. The objective of our study was to investigate the mechanism of diarrhea caused by Folium sennae, which was associated with intestinal bacterial characteristic reshaping and metabolic abnormality. (2) Methods: The intestinal contents of 2 groups of mice, intervened with Folium sennae extracts and distilled water respectively, were collected and its DNA was extracted for high-throughput sequencing analysis. The active compounds of Folium sennae were filtrated, and their diarrhea-related targets and metabolic pathways were predicted. Virtual Metabolic Human (VMH) was utilized to simulated metabolic function of bacteria associated with Folium sennae -induced diarrhea to verified the metabolic pathways of the drug. (3) Results: For the intervention of Folium sennae extracts, Chao1 index and Shannon index were statistical decreased. The Beta diversity clusters of mice interfered by Folium sennae extracts were distinctly separate from control group. Combining PPI network analysis, cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes metabolism was the main signaling pathway of diarrhea caused by Folium sennae. Moreover, the abundance of 10 bacterial flora communities had statistical significance with Folium sennae intervention: the abundance of Paraprevotella, streptococcus, Epulopiscium, Sutterella and Mycoplasma were increased significantly; and the abundance of Adlercreutzia, Lactobacillus, Dehalobacterium, Dorea and Oscillospira were reduced significantly. 7 of the 10 intestinal flora communities were related to the synthesis of tryptophan derivatives, which affected the transformation of aminotryptophan into L-tryptophan, leading to abnormal tryptophan metabolism in the host. (4) Conclusions: Folium sennae targeted cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 to alterd intestinal bacterial characteristic and interven the tryptophan metabolism of intestinal microflora, such as Streptococcus, Sutterella and Dorea, which could be the intestinal microecological mechanism of diarrhea caused by Folium sennae extracts.

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Effects of Panax ginseng polysaccharides on the gut microbiota in mice with antibiotic-associated diarrhea

Cited by 116 publications

References 54 publications

Inhibitory Effect of Depolymerized Sulfated Galactans from Marine Red Algae on the Growth and Adhesion of Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli

Inhibitory Effect of Depolymerized Sulfated Galactans from Marine Red Algae on the Growth and Adhesion of Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli

The Structure Features and Improving Effects of Polysaccharide from Astragalus membranaceus on Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea

Role of Tryptophan-Metabolizing Microbiota On Diarrhea Mice Caused by Folium sennae Extracts

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