Effects of partial rootzone drying on yield, ripening and berry ABA in potted Tempranillo grapevines with split roots

Abstract

Our objective was to investigate whether grape berry growth and colour development is associated with variation in abscisic acid (ABA) levels during ripening under an irrigation regime of partial rootzone drying (PRD). The study was carried out using container‐grown Tempranillo grapevines (established as fruit‐bearing cuttings) with a split root system (occupying two contiguous pots) and grown under controlled conditions. Three irrigation treatments were imposed – a control (well watered), and two forms of deficit irrigation, viz. partial rootzone drying (PRD), and sustained deficit irrigation (SDI). Under SDI, a given volume of irrigation water was applied uniformly and simultaneously to both sides of the split roots of each vine. Under the PRD regime, the same total volume of irrigation was applied, but as separate allocations to each side of the split root system in turn, and alternating on a 10‐day cycle. Because both deficit treatments received the same total amount of irrigation water (about 50% of the volume applied to controls), we were able to distinguish between the effects of deficit irrigation per se, versus any specific impact PRD might be having on vine performance. Outcomes were as follows. Compared to well‐watered control vines, yield per plant, and weight per bunch were both reduced significantly under SDI, but were sustained close to control values under the PRD regime. SDI and PRD thus differed significantly in their respective impacts on vine performance, and comparing just these two forms of deficit irrigation, PRD resulted in greater yield, higher bunch weight, bigger leaf area and increased berry weight compared with the SDI treatment. Moreover, PRD also induced greater accumulation of skin anthocyanins at harvest, compared to SDI. Berry ABA concentration increased continuously throughout veraison, achieving a maximum at the end of this period. The increase of berry ABA concentration was earlier and faster in PRD than in SDI, which exhibited only a slight increase in berry ABA by the end of veraison. These distinctive responses to PRD compared to SDI imply that the alternating wet‐dry cycles of PRD, rather than simply a deficit irrigation, as in SDI, had a distinctive effect on growth, ripening and berry composition. Our data imply that these different responses might be related to ABA physiology, and especially to ABA levels in berries during ripening.

How will climate change influence grapevine cv. Tempranillo photosynthesis under different soil textures?

“…2a, b). Similar results were obtained by other authors (reviewed in Chaves et al 2010), both for potted (Antolín et al 2006) and field-grown (Sousa et al 2006) grapevine plants of the Tempranillo variety. In addition, a decrease in A N was observed here both at veraison and maturity (Fig.…”

Adaptive strategies of two Mediterranean grapevines varieties (Aragonez syn. Tempranillo and Trincadeira) face drought: physiological and structural responses

“…This analysis is in accordance with general responses of g s to water stress, which were faster in isohydric than in anisohydric response, while recovery upon re-watering is faster in anisohydric plants. Also, Lovisolo et al (2010) and Santesteban et al (2009) referred an anisohydric behaviour in Aragonez whereas Medrano et al (2003), Antolín et al (2006), Sousa et al (2006) attributed an isohydric for this Vitis variety. Actually, discrepancies in the literature regarding iso-and anisohydric behaviour in Aragonez and other Vitis varieties are observed, which have been attributed to differences in experimental conditions such as drought intensity (Medrano et al 2003;Chaves et al 2010;Lovisolo et al 2010).…”

Effects of climate change scenarios on Tempranillo grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) ripening: response to a combination of elevated CO2 and temperature, and moderate drought

“…Berry size can indirectly affect must phenolic content, including anthocyanins, possibly due to a modified skin surface-to-berry volume ratio (Koundouras et al 2006;Ojeda et al 2002;Singleton 1972). Also, it has been reported increased berry sugar content in response to water deficit (Antolín et al 2006;Koundouras et al 2006;Matthews et al 1990;Ojeda et al 2002). Effects of water stress on berry malic acid concentrations reported in the literature to date are rather contradictory, showing increases (López et al 2007), decreases (De Souza et al 2005;Intrigliolo and Castel 2009;Koundouras et al 2006;Salon et al 2005) or no change (Esteban et al 1999) in response to drought.…”