Effects of Peroxyacetyl Nitrate on Ultrastructure of Chloroplasts

Thomson, W. W.; Dugger, W. M.; Palmer, R. L.

doi:10.1086/336297

Cited by 49 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Studies by Thomson, Dugger and Palmer (1965) on the effects of the air pollutant peroxyacetyl nitrate on the ultrastructure of chloroplasts of P. vulgaris also showed among other disorders the presence of structures similar to stromacentres. These centres were associated with cells which became plasmolysed and later collapsed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…The distribution of symptoms of nutrient deficiencies within plant tissues lnay be compared with the distribution of the effects noted by Thomson et al (1965) on the structure of chloroplasts after fumigation with peroxyacetyl nitrate. Structural changes (including plasmolysis) and development of stromacentres were common in spongy mesophyll tissue, but only occasional damage was noted in palisade parenchyma cells and no change in guard eell structure was noted.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHANGES IN CHLOROPLASTS OF PHASEOLUS VULGARIS DURING DEVELOPMENT UNDER CONDITIONS OF NUTRIENT DEFICIENCY

Whatley

1971

New Phytologist

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Summary Plants of Phaseolus vulgaris were grown for a period of 4 weeks in nutrient solutions deficient in S, Mg, K, N, P and Fe, and compared with controls growing in complete nutrient solutions. At weekly intervals, tissue from all leaf groups fully expanded at the time of sampling was prepared for examination under the electron microscope. It was possible to examine chloroplast ultrastructure, firstly, during leaf development under each of the nutrient deficient conditions and, secondly, to compare the chloroplasts of similar leaf groups produced under different deficiency conditions. Although distinctive chloroplast types could be associated with conditions of Mg, K, N and Fe deficiency, chloroplasts from S and P deficient plants were variable in appearance. The chloroplast patterns produced were found to be consistent in palisade parenchyma tissue but in spongy mesophyll tissue cells frequently appeared plasmolysed and chloroplasts varied considerably in appearance. Particularly in the spongy mesophyll distinctive crystalline configurations were found within the chloroplasts.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHANGES IN CHLOROPLASTS OF PHASEOLUS VULGARIS DURING DEVELOPMENT UNDER CONDITIONS OF NUTRIENT DEFICIENCY

Whatley

1971

New Phytologist

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“…From the supernataant a 1080 X g pellet (hereafter referred to as 1000 X g pellet) Mwas obtained by centriftuging at 3000 rpm for 10 mill- (16,38) or 0.5 M sucrose solutions (13,20) (15). These crystals or stroma centers are believed to result from damage caused by air pollutants such as organic peroxides (33). Heat or cold indtuced denatturation of the plastids c'an also 2) Naked lamellar systems (19) are seen in figuires 4, 5, and 9.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid Synthesis and Ultrastructure of Isolated Barley Chloroplasts

Appelqvist¹,

Stumpf²,

Wettstein³

1968

Plant Physiol.

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“…In typical ozone-type injuries, white or brown spots appear over the adaxial surface of leaves (Hill et al 1961;Treshow 1970), whereas the characteristic symptoms of PAN injury are changes in the color of the abaxial leaf surface from green to silver (silvering) or bronze (bronzing), often referred to as glazing (Glater et al 1962). In addition, dehydration (Thomson et al 1965) and chlorosis (bleaching) (Nouchi and Toyama 1988b) have also been observed as a result of PAN injury. In view of the dramatic effects of PAN injury on some vegetables, for example spinach (Taylor and Maclean 1970), special attention must be paid to PAN even at atmospheric concentrations considerably lower than those of other air pollutants such as ozone, sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) and nitrogen dioxide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A physiological and morphological study on the injury caused by exposure to the air pollutant, peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN), based on the quantitative assessment of the injury

Oka

Tagami

Oohashi³

et al. 2004

Journal of Plant Research

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A method for the numerical assessment of the foliar injury caused by the photochemical oxidant, peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN), was devised, using three injury indices: fresh weight (FW) loss, decreased photosynthetic pigment content, and increased ion leakage, which can be measured using the same leaves. The injury indices clearly indicated a larger number of PAN-sensitive leaves and a more severe level of injury in the PAN-sensitive variety of Petunia hybrida, White Champion (WHITE), compared to the PAN-tolerant variety, Blue Champion (BLUE). FW and photosynthetic pigment content decreased correlatively in both varieties, but ion leakage increased only in WHITE. Morphological observations revealed that ion leakage started concurrently with the start of plasmolysis-like symptoms at the mesophyll cells of injured WHITE leaves, whereas FW loss corresponded to the shrinkage of cells without loss of their round shape in BLUE leaves. PAN injuries measured by the injury indices were markedly increased in the presence of light, and the morphological changes following PAN exposure were similar to those caused by the superoxide-generating chemical, paraquat. The results suggested that PAN injuries indicated by the three injury indices are all light-dependent, but are caused through several independent mechanisms.

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Effects of Peroxyacetyl Nitrate on Ultrastructure of Chloroplasts

Cited by 49 publications

References 8 publications

ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHANGES IN CHLOROPLASTS OF PHASEOLUS VULGARIS DURING DEVELOPMENT UNDER CONDITIONS OF NUTRIENT DEFICIENCY

ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHANGES IN CHLOROPLASTS OF PHASEOLUS VULGARIS DURING DEVELOPMENT UNDER CONDITIONS OF NUTRIENT DEFICIENCY

Lipid Synthesis and Ultrastructure of Isolated Barley Chloroplasts

A physiological and morphological study on the injury caused by exposure to the air pollutant, peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN), based on the quantitative assessment of the injury

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