Effects of Photochemical Air Pollution on Vegetation with Relation to the Air Quality Requirements

Effects of Toluene Content in Fuel on Aromatic Emissions in the Exhaust

“…1 Numerous studies which followed attempted to correlate the level of eye irritation and plant damage to the concentrations of reactive hydrocarbons in vehicle exhaust. 2 Others showed that these reactive hydrocarbon emissions can be minimized by changing the fuel composition. 3 In many of the fuel composition studies, multi-component gasolines containing varying proportions of paraffinic, olefinic, and aromatic hydrocarbons were used.…”

Consideration of Air Quality Standards for Vegetation With Respect to Ozone

“…As discussed by Jaffe, 23 in order to develop more adequate air quality criteria, there is need for researchers to be concerned with pathological and physiological effects and to include in their reports precise details on ozone concentration, method of measurement, duration of exposure, and other environmental factors. It is also necessary that the specific variety of a plant species be shown because of the wide variation between varieties within species in sensitivity to ozone.…”

The biological effects of photochemical air pollutants on man and animals.

“…4,5,15,[17][18][19][20]22,23 Other atmospheric oxidants which have been isolated and identified are peroxyacyl nitrates, a related group of organic peroxidic nitrogen compounds,25-28 designated as PAN compounds, or more recently as PaNs. 29 The PaNs have been determined by Stephens and his associates to be a homologous series of compounds; they have identified peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN), the principal compound in the group, as well as peroxyproprionyl nitrate (PPN), and peroxybutyryl nitrate (PBN), thus far.25-28 Other oxidants present in photochemical smog are nitrogen oxides, which act as weak oxidants, other organic peroxides, free radicals, and other compounds yet unidentified.…”