Effects of phytoestrogen supplementation in the feed on the shell gland of laying hens at the end of the laying period

Wistedt, Anna; Ridderstråle, Yvonne; Wall, H.; Holm, Lena

doi:10.1016/j.anireprosci.2012.06.020

Cited by 15 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In the shell gland the calcium transporter PMCA was localized in the apical membranes of tubular gland cells, which is in agreement with previous reports [7,35]. Staining intensity and localization of PMCA was unaffected by estrogen treatment in both hybrids.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…In addition tubular gland CA activity also increased in the white birds but not the brown ones. The same hybrids given a feed supplement of a daidzein produce contradictory results, with capillary CA increasing in the brown LB hybrids but not the white [7]. These results suggest that estrogen has some regulatory influence on membrane bound CA activity in the shell gland, which is supported by the finding that estradiol up-regulates membrane bound CA in H9C2 cells [33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CA is regulated by estrogen in the endometrium of mice and guinea-pigs [5,6]. In laying hens, the phytoestrogen daidzein increases the number of CA positive capillaries in the shell gland of Lohmann Brown hybrids [7] and embryonic exposure to estrogenic substances also affects shell gland capillary CA [8]. Thus, evidence exists suggesting that regulation of CA by estrogen may take place also in the laying hen shell gland.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If the hormone has a more direct effect on the shell gland is still unclear, however, exogenous estrogen at a dose of 10 μg/kg body weight (bw) increases eggshell thickness in Tegel pullets [14] and a supplement of daidzein improves shell quality of eggs from ISA layers [15]. Furthermore, we have shown that both estrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ) are present in the functional shell gland of laying hens [7] and preliminary data from our group show that a shift in the balance between these receptors coincides with reduced shell quality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exogenous estradiol improves shell strength in laying hens at the end of the laying period

et al. 2014

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BackgroundCracked shells, due to age related reduction of shell quality, are a costly problem for the industry. Parallel to reduced shell quality the skeleton becomes brittle resulting in bone fractures. Calcium, a main prerequisite for both eggshell and bone, is regulated by estrogen in a complex manner. The effects of estrogen, given in a low continuous dose, were studied regarding factors involved in age related changes in shell quality and bone strength of laying hens. A pellet containing 0.385 mg estradiol 3-benzoate (21-day-release) or placebo was inserted subcutaneously in 20 birds each of Lohmann Selected Leghorn (LSL) and Lohmann Brown (LB) at 70 weeks of age. Eggs were collected before and during the experiment for shell quality measurements. Blood samples for analysis of total calcium were taken three days after the insertion and at sacrifice (72 weeks). Right femur was used for bone strength measurements and tissue samples from duodenum and shell gland were processed for morphology, immunohistochemical localization of estrogen receptors (ERα, ERβ), plasma membrane calcium ATPase (PMCA) and histochemical localization of carbonic anhydrase (CA).ResultsEstrogen treatment increased shell thickness of both hybrids. In addition, shell weight and shell deformation improved in eggs from the brown hybrids. The more pronounced effect on eggs from the brown hybrid may be due to a change in sensitivity to estrogen, especially in surface epithelial cells of the shell gland, shown as an altered ratio between ERα and ERβ. A regulatory effect of estrogen on CA activity, but not PMCA, was seen in both duodenum and shell gland, and a possible connection to shell quality is discussed. Bone strength was unaffected by treatment, but femur was stronger in LSL birds suggesting that the hybrids differ in calcium allocation between shell and bone at the end of the laying period. Plasma calcium concentrations and egg production were unaffected.ConclusionsA low continuous dose of estrogen improves shell strength but not bone strength in laying hens at the end of the laying period.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exogenous estradiol improves shell strength in laying hens at the end of the laying period

et al. 2014

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“…Gu et al () elucidated that serum calcium concentration was increased linearly with increasing dietary daidzein (natural phytoestrogens) supplementation ( p = 0.042). From another point of view, Wistedt, Ridderstråle, Wall, and Holm () declared that phytoestrogens are involved in regulating the carbonic anhydrase activity via estrogen receptor‐α and estrogen receptor‐β located in shell gland. Thus, it might be speculated that aged laying hens might be more sensitive to phytoestrogen supplementation and increased calcium absorption and utilization, which finally leads to enhancing eggshell quality characteristics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of phytoestrogen source supplementation on reproductive performance, plasma profile, yolk fatty acids and antioxidative status in aged laying hens

Saleh

Ahmed²,

Ebeid

2019

Reprod Domestic Animals

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Contents The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of flaxseeds and/or fenugreek seeds as a source of phytoestrogens in laying feed on productive performance, egg quality, yolk fatty acids, plasma profile and antioxidative status in aged laying hens. A total of 120 Bovans Brown hens at 65 weeks of age were housed individually in laying cages in an open‐sided building under a 16‐hr light: 8‐hr dark lighting schedule. Hens were randomly divided into four experimental treatments (n = 30 each): (a) control (basal diet without any supplementation); (b) 1 g/kg of flaxseeds; (c) 1 g/kg of fenugreek seeds; and (d) combination of 1 g/kg flaxseeds and 1 g/kg fenugreek seeds from 65 to 71 weeks of age. Hen‐day egg production and egg mass were significantly increased by dietary supplementation of flaxseeds and/or fenugreek seeds, while feed intake was not affected; thus, feed conversion ratio was improved (p < 0.05). Weights of egg, albumen, yolk and shell were increased by the dietary treatments. Shell thickness and yolk colour were improved by supplementation of flaxseeds and/or fenugreek seeds. Yolk crude protein was not significantly affected by treatments; however, crude fat and calcium contents in yolk were increased and egg yolk cholesterol content was decreased. Interestingly, dietary supplementation of flaxseeds, fenugreek seeds and their combination had a significant positive effect on plasma luteinizing hormone, follicle‐stimulating hormone, oestradiol‐17β and triglycerides. Inclusion of flaxseeds and/or fenugreek seeds in the diets enhanced the serum glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities and reduced the malondialdehyde and total cholesterol concentrations in plasma. Dietary supplementation of flaxseeds and/or fenugreek seeds increased α‐linolenic and linoleic acids in egg yolk. It could be concluded that inclusion of mixed sources of phytoestrogens in diets improved laying performance, egg quality, the antioxidative status, hormonal profile and steroidogenesis in aged laying hens.

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Effects of quercetin and genistein on egg quality, lipid profiles, and immunity in laying hens

Liu

Guo

et al. 2023

J Sci Food Agric

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BACKGROUNDAfter the peak laying stage, laying hens become susceptible to lipid accumulation and inflammatory reactions. The objective of this experiment was to examine the impact of quercetin and genistein on egg quality and lipid profiles in laying hens. A total of 240 Hy‐line Browns were randomly assigned to three dietary treatments. Each treatment had eight replicates, with 10 hens in each replicate, and the hens were aged between 46 and 56 weeks. The test diets consisted of a corn‐soybean meal‐based basal diet, a basal diet supplemented with 300 mg kg‐1 quercetin, and a basal diet supplemented with 300 mg kg‐1 quercetin and 40 mg kg‐1 genistein.RESULTSResults showed that separately supplemental quercetin significantly improved egg quality (eggshell strength, albumen height and Haugh unit, P < 0.05), and reduced the deposition of abdominal fat (P < 0.05). Our finding also showed that separately or as a combination, supplemental quercetin and genistein significantly increased eggshell thickness (P < 0.05), decreased the levels of lipides in serum (LDL‐C, CHO, TG and NEFA, P < 0.05) and significantly increased serum immunoglobulins (IgA and IgG, P < 0.05), and promoted the expression of splenic immune‐related genes (IgA and IL‐4, P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONThis study confirmed that supplemental quercetin and genistein, either separately or in combination, can enhance eggshell thickness, lipid profiles, and immune function in aging hens. Moreover, both quercetin alone and quercetin + genistein exhibited similar abilities to lower lipid levels and improve immune function.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Effects of phytoestrogen supplementation in the feed on the shell gland of laying hens at the end of the laying period

Cited by 15 publications

References 40 publications

Exogenous estradiol improves shell strength in laying hens at the end of the laying period

Exogenous estradiol improves shell strength in laying hens at the end of the laying period

The impact of phytoestrogen source supplementation on reproductive performance, plasma profile, yolk fatty acids and antioxidative status in aged laying hens

Effects of quercetin and genistein on egg quality, lipid profiles, and immunity in laying hens

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