Effects of plant polysaccharides with different carboxyl group contents on calcium oxalate crystal growth

Self Cite

The regulation on calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystallization and protective effect on human proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) of four green tea polysaccharides (TPSs) with molecular weights of 10.88 (TPS0), 8.16 (TPS1), 4.82 (TPS2), and 2.3 kDa (TPS3) were comparatively studied. XRD, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy results revealed that TPS1, TPS2, and TPS3 can increase the percentage of the dihydrate crystalline phase in CaOx crystals and reduce the size of CaOx monohydrate crystals. TPSs increased the absolute value of the zeta potential of CaOx crystal and inhibited crystal nucleation and aggregation. The nucleation inhibition rates of TPS1, TPS2, and TPS3 to CaOx crystallization were 56.67%, 75.52%, and 52.92%, respectively, and their aggregation inhibition rates were 22.34%, 47.59%, and 21.59%, respectively. TPS preprotection can alleviate the oxidative damage of HK-2 cells caused by oxalate, increase cell viability, protect cell morphology, and reduce lactate dehydrogenase release and reactive oxygen species levels. The degraded TSPs, especially TPS2 with moderate molecular weight, may be used as a green drug to inhibit stone formation.

“…Crystallization of CaOx. Experiments were carried out with slight modification according to Reference [19]. The reaction was maintained and conducted in a 100 mL beaker at 37°C.…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation on Calcium Oxalate Crystallization and Protection on HK-2 Cells of Tea Polysaccharides with Different Molecular Weights

Liu

Sun

Wang

et al. 2020

Self Cite

“…Figure 4(a) shows that the diffraction peaks of COD were strengthened as CSP0 concentration increased, suggesting an enhancement in the induced amount of COD. According to the quantitative calculation of K value method [9], in the presence of CSP0 of 0.1, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.8, and 1.0 mg/mL, the percentage content of COD in the generated CaOx crystal was 0, 8.6%, 32.6%, 61.0%, 82.0%, and 86.5%, respectively (Figure 4(c)). Figure 4(b) and Table 3 show the FT-IR spectra of CaOx crystal as CSP0 concentration increased, υ as (COO-) blue shift continuously.…”

Section: Effect Of Csp0 Concentration On Calcium Oxalate Crystalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gomes et al [8] investigated the antiurolithic ability of sulfated seaweed polysaccharide (SP) and found that SP can change the surface charge of crystal, induce the morphology of CaOx crystal to become round and blunt, and reduce the crystal size. Huang et al [9] explored the effects of five kinds of plant polysaccharides with different carboxyl contents on the growth of CaOx crystals. The results showed that five kinds of plant polysaccharides can inhibit the growth of COM, induce the formation of COD, and reduce the aggregation of crystals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of Calcium Oxalate Crystal Growth and Protection from Oxidatively Damaged Renal Epithelial Cells of Corn Silk Polysaccharides with Different Molecular Weights

Chen

Sun

Ouyang

2020

Self Cite

Corn silk polysaccharide (CSP0; molecular weight=124 kDa) was degraded by ultrasonication to obtain five degraded polysaccharides, namely, CSP1, CSP2, CSP3, CSP4, and CSP5, with molecular weights of 26.1, 12.2, 6.0, 3.5, and 2.0 kDa, respectively. The structures of these polysaccharides were characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR analyses. The antioxidant activities, including scavenging ability for hydroxyl radicals and DPPH free radicals, chelation ability for Fe2+ ions, and reducing ability of CSP increased with decreased molecular weight of CSPs within 6.0 to 124 kDa. However, antioxidant activity weakened when the molecular weight of CSPs reached 3.5 and 2 kDa. CSP3 with a molecular weight of 6.0 kDa exhibited the strongest antioxidant activity. After protection with 60 μg/mL CSPs, the viability of human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) damaged by nano-COM crystals increased, the level of reactive oxygen species decreased, and the amount of COM crystal adhered onto the cell surface decreased. The ability of CSPs to protect cells from CaOx crystal damage was consistent with their antioxidant activity. CSPs can specifically combine with CaOx crystal to inhibit the conversion of calcium oxalate dihydrate crystal to calcium oxalate monohydrate crystal. All these results showed that the activity of CSPs was closely correlated with molecular weight. A very high or low molecular weight of CSPs was not conducive to their activity. CSPs, especially CSP3 with a molecular weight of 6.0 kDa, can be used as a potential antistone drug.

“…The molecular weight of TPSs affected their protective effect on HK-2 cells. The cell membrane cannot be crossed when the molecular weights of the TPSs were large (e.g., 10.88 kDa of TPS0) [25,26]. However, the hydrogen chain was weak, and the active helical structure was not formed because of the short sugar chain [27,28] when the molecular weight of TPSs was small (such as 2.31 kDa of TPS3), thereby leading to a decrease in the protective effect.…”

Section: Reduction Of Cytotoxicity Of Com Crystals Aftermentioning

confidence: 99%

Preprotection of Tea Polysaccharides with Different Molecular Weights Can Reduce the Adhesion between Renal Epithelial Cells and Nano-Calcium Oxalate Crystals

Zhao

Liu

et al. 2020

Self Cite

Crystal adhesion is an important link in the formation of kidney stones. This study investigated and compared the adhesion differences between nano-calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) and human renal proximal tubule epithelial (HK-2) cells before and after treatment with tea polysaccharides (TPSs) TPS0, TPS1, TPS2, and TPS3 with molecular weights of 10.88, 8.16, 4.82, and 2.31 kDa, respectively. TPS treatment effectively reduced the damage of COM to HK-2 cells, thereby resulting in increased cell activity, decreased release of lactate dehydrogenase, cell morphology recovery, decreased level of reactive oxygen species, increased mitochondrial membrane potential, increased lysosomal integrity, decreased expression of adhesion molecule osteopontin and eversion of phosphatidylserine, and decreased crystal adhesion. Among the TPSs, TPS2 with moderate molecular weight had the best protective effect on cells and the strongest effect on the inhibition of crystal adhesion. Thus, TPS2 may be a potential anticalculus drug.