Effects of polymorphisms in chemokine ligands and receptors on susceptibility to coronary artery disease

Emerging biomarkers and intervention targets for immune-modulation of atherosclerosis – A review of the experimental evidence

“…CCR5 expression on non-classical CD14 + CD16 ++ monocytes was, however, negatively associated to carotid IMT. Although the association of chemokine receptor expression on monocytes to cardiovascular risk is poorly understood, the potential to treat human disease by targeting chemokine receptors is emphasized by the fact that polymorphisms in the CX3CR1 gene have been found to protect against atherosclerosis (90)(91)(92). Evidence also indicate that a naturally occurring frame-shift mutation in the human CCR5 gene is associated with lower carotid intima-media thickness in the common carotid artery and reduced cardiovascular disease risk (93).…”

Polymorphisms of Cx3CR1 and CXCR6 Receptors in Relation to HAART Therapy of HIV Type 1 Patients

“…Additionally, our findings on allele frequencies (f (249I) ϭ 0.258, f (280M) ϭ 0.157) and linkage disequilibrium between the CX 3 CR1-249I and CX 3 CR1-280M variants are in agreement with previous reports. 31,37 The role of these polymorphisms is still under debate. Faure et al 28,31 repeatedly reported a deleterious effect of the homozygous CX 3 CR1-280M state on disease progression to AIDS in cohorts of untreated patients.…”

Chemokines in vascular pathology (Review)

“…Szalai et al evaluated the frequency of the CCR2-V64I polymorphism in 318 CAD patients compared to 320 controls and suggested that patients with the CCR2-V64I polymorphism were at reduced risk for CAD, based on the complete absence of individuals with the rare I/I genotype in the CAD group (20). In a similar cohort of ours conducted in 210 CAD patients and 165 controls, no association between CCR2-V64I and the presence, angiographic severity or clinical presentation of CAD was established (21). Two polymorphisms have been also identified in the 5' region of the MCP-1 promoter (-2518…”

“…No differences were observed. However, the frequency of deletion in the population studied was relatively low, limiting the power of a negative association (21). The effect of polymorphisms of RANTES has also been investigated by several cohorts.…”

“…The role of SDF-1 in atherogenesis has also been investigated by population genetic surveys. Nevertheless, both studies that evaluated the effect of the common single nucleotide polymorphism, G801A, of the SDF-1A gene on susceptibility to CAD have concluded no association (20,21).…”