Effects of probiotics on chemotherapy in patients with lung cancer

Tian, Yue; Li, Ming; Song, Wei; Jiang, Rui; Li, Yan Qing

doi:10.3892/ol.2019.9906

Cited by 44 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Numerous clinical trials have been conducted to investigate the effects of probiotics/prebiotics on cancer. Some trials [100][101][102][103] reported an improved clinical outcome of patients receiving probiotics, whereas others 104 105 failed to examine a significant effect induced by probiotics (online supplementary S table 1).…”

Section: Bacteria Compositional Modulation By Probiotics In Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of gut microbiota in cancer treatment: friend or foe?

Cheng

2020

Gut

242

149

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The gut microbiota has been implicated in cancer and shown to modulate anticancer drug efficacy. Altered gut microbiota is associated with resistance to chemo drugs or immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), whereas supplementation of distinct bacterial species restores responses to the anticancer drugs. Accumulating evidence has revealed the potential of modulating the gut microbiota to enhance the efficacy of anticancer drugs. Regardless of the valuable findings by preclinical models and clinical data of patients with cancer, a more thorough understanding of the interactions of the microbiota with cancer therapy helps researchers identify novel strategy for cancer prevention, stratify patients for more effective treatment and reduce treatment complication. In this review, we discuss the scientific evidence on the role of gut microbiota in cancer treatment, and highlight the latest knowledge and technologies leveraged to target specific bacteria that contribute to tumourigenesis. First, we provide an overview of the role of the gut microbiota in cancer, establishing the links between bacteria, inflammation and cancer treatment. Second, we highlight the mechanisms used by distinct bacterial species to modulate cancer growth, immune responses, as well as the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs and ICIs. Third, we demonstrate various approaches to modulate the gut microbiota and their potential in translational research. Finally, we discuss the limitations of current microbiome research in the context of cancer treatment, ongoing efforts to overcome these challenges and future perspectives.

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Section: Bacteria Compositional Modulation By Probiotics In Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of gut microbiota in cancer treatment: friend or foe?

Cheng

2020

Gut

242

149

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“…Probiotics have been shown to improve inflammation observed in many lung diseases due to their immunomodulatory properties [46][47][48]. Thus, we investigated whether the inflammation observed with DEP could be attenuated with probiotics.…”

Section: Probiotic Supplementation Decreases Inflammation and Collagementioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to diesel exhaust particles results in altered lung microbial profiles, associated with increased reactive oxygen species/reactive nitrogen species and inflammation, in C57Bl/6 wildtype mice on a high-fat diet

et al. 2021

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Background Exposure to traffic-generated emissions is associated with the development and exacerbation of inflammatory lung disorders such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Although many lung diseases show an expansion of Proteobacteria, the role of traffic-generated particulate matter pollutants on the lung microbiota has not been well-characterized. Thus, we investigated the hypothesis that exposure to diesel exhaust particles (DEP) can alter commensal lung microbiota, thereby promoting alterations in the lung’s immune and inflammatory responses. We aimed to understand whether diet might also contribute to the alteration of the commensal lung microbiome, either alone or related to exposure. To do this, we used male C57Bl/6 mice (4–6-week-old) on either regular chow (LF) or high-fat (HF) diet (45% kcal fat), randomly assigned to be exposed via oropharyngeal aspiration to 35 μg DEP, suspended in 35 μl 0.9% sterile saline or sterile saline only (control) twice a week for 30 days. A separate group of study animals on the HF diet was concurrently treated with 0.3 g/day of Winclove Ecologic® Barrier probiotics in their drinking water throughout the study. Results Our results show that DEP-exposure increases lung tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-10, Toll-like receptor (TLR)-2, TLR-4, and the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) histologically and by RT-qPCR, as well as Immunoglobulin A (IgA) and Immunoglobulin G (IgG) in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), as quantified by ELISA. We also observed an increase in macrophage infiltration and peroxynitrite, a marker of reactive oxygen species (ROS) + reactive nitrogen species (RNS), immunofluorescence staining in the lungs of DEP-exposed and HF-diet animals, which was further exacerbated by concurrent DEP-exposure and HF-diet consumption. Histological examinations revealed enhanced inflammation and collagen deposition in the lungs DEP-exposed mice, regardless of diet. We observed an expansion of Proteobacteria, by qPCR of bacterial 16S rRNA, in the BALF of DEP-exposed mice on the HF diet, which was diminished with probiotic-treatment. Conclusions Our findings suggest that exposure to DEP causes persistent and sustained inflammation and bacterial alterations in a ROS-RNS mediated fashion, which is exacerbated by concurrent consumption of an HF diet.

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“…[ 1 ] Many symptoms of LC are not specific until late stages. [ 2 ] The primary goal of systemic therapy in patients with advanced LC is to relieve symptoms and improve the quality of life and prolong the survival duration. [ 3 ] Chemotherapy is one of the main treatment methods of intermediate and advanced LC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associated factors with constipation and health-related quality of life in lung cancer patients with platinum-based chemotherapy

Chen

Zhang

et al. 2021

Medicine

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The main purpose of this study was to investigate current state of constipation for lung cancer (LC) patients receiving platinum-based chemotherapy. The relationships between social demography, clinical variables, psychological status, and constipation were analyzed. In addition, quality of life (QoL) in LC patients with constipation was also analyzed. One hundred LC patients participated in this cross-sectional study. Under the guidance of the researchers, Functional Living Index-Emesis, Piper Fatigue Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) QLQ-C30 (version 3.0), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, General Well-being Scale, Social Support Rate Scale, General Self-Efficacy Scale, and other related questionnaires were completed. The result showed the symptom of constipation was observed in 41 (41%) LC patients. The occurrence and development of constipation were associated with gender, food intake, exercise, nausea, fatigue, anxiety, depression, sleep disorders, and happiness. The study also found patients with constipation had significant lower QoL scores, especially the score in the general state. Constipation was very common in LC patients undergoing platinum-based chemotherapy. Reduced food intake and fatigue were the independent factors. Constipation significantly affects the QoL of the patients. Therefore, more attention should be paid to the risk factors of constipation in LC patients undergoing platinum-based chemotherapy, the earlier intervention was done to these patients, the better to improve their QoL.

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Effects of probiotics on chemotherapy in patients with lung cancer

Cited by 44 publications

References 68 publications

The role of gut microbiota in cancer treatment: friend or foe?

The role of gut microbiota in cancer treatment: friend or foe?

Exposure to diesel exhaust particles results in altered lung microbial profiles, associated with increased reactive oxygen species/reactive nitrogen species and inflammation, in C57Bl/6 wildtype mice on a high-fat diet

Associated factors with constipation and health-related quality of life in lung cancer patients with platinum-based chemotherapy

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