Effects of Protein Deficiency and Diet Consistency on the Parotid Gland and Parotid Saliva of Rats

Johnson, D. A.; Lopez, Hady; Navia, Juan M.

doi:10.1177/00220345950740080301

Cited by 21 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Dietary zinc has been considered necessary for the proper development and growth of mammals including humans (Burch & Sallivan 1975). Combined protein deficiency along with zinc might stimulate salivary gland functions that in turn affect the liver zinc contents (Johnson et al 1995). Protein deficiency leads to depletion of liver zinc contents (Gonzalez et al 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time dependent study to evaluate the efficacy of zinc on hepatic marker enzymes and elemental profile in serum and liver of protein deficient rats

2005

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This study was designed to determine the time dependent protective effects of zinc sulfate on the serum and liver marker enzymes along with elemental profile in protein deficient Sprague Dawley (S.D.) female rats. Zinc sulfate in the dose of 227 mg/l in drinking water was administered to normal control as well as protein deficient rats for a total duration of 8 weeks. The effects of different treatments were studied on enzymes like alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferases (AST) and alanine aminotransferases (ALT) in rat serum at different time intervals of 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks and in the rat liver at the end of study. The status of different essential elements in liver was also studied. The serum ALP activity got significantly depressed when estimated at the intervals of 4 and 8 weeks. Activity of serum ALT was significantly increased after 4 weeks interval in protein deficient rats and the increasing trend continued upto 8 weeks of protein deficiency. On the other hand, activity of AST showed a significant increase just after 2 weeks and activity continued to be increased up to 8 weeks. Moreover activities of all the hepato marker enzymes showed a significant increase in liver of protein deficient rats. Interestingly, supplementation of Zn to protein deficient rats helped in regulating the altered activities of ALP, AST and ALT both in serum and liver. However, zinc treatment alone to normal rats did not indicate any significant change in the activities of all the enzymes in liver as well serum except at the interval of 2 weeks where a marginal increase in the activity of AST was seen. It has also been observed that concentrations of zinc, copper, iron and selenium were found to be decreased significantly in protein deficient animals. However, the levels of these elements came back to within normal limits when zinc was administered to protein deficient rats.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time dependent study to evaluate the efficacy of zinc on hepatic marker enzymes and elemental profile in serum and liver of protein deficient rats

2005

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“…The present results concerning the RBD agree with those reported by other investigators (6,(21)(22)(23) who reported that malnutrition can cause a rise in the prevalence of caries. Various factors may have contributed to the high prevalence of caries found with the use of the RBD, such as enamel malformation due to episodes of malnutrition (24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29), affected salivary glands (17,23,30,31), and the composition of the diet itself which, in addition to being deficient in proteins, vitamins and minerals, is rich in carbohydrates (10). When comparing the results for different times of animal feeding, we observed that the animals fed 30 days (1A and 2A) presented caries with less prevalence than the animals fed 60 days (1B, 2B), except for groups 3A and 3B.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of a Brazilian regional basic diet on the prevalence of caries in rats

Pinheiro

Couto

Vasconcelos

et al. 2002

Braz J Med Biol Res

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The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of a regional basic diet (RBD) on the prevalence of caries in the molar teeth of rats of both sexes aged 23 days. The animals were divided into six groups of 10 rats each receiving the following diets for 30 and 60 days after weaning: RBD, a cariogenic diet, and a commercial diet. The prevalence and penetration of caries in the molar teeth of the rats was then analyzed. The RBD produced caries in 37.5% of the teeth of animals fed 30 days, and in 83.4% of animals fed 60 days, while the cariogenic diet produced caries in 72.5% and 77.5% of the teeth of animals fed 30 and 60 days, respectively. Rats fed the RBD for 30 days had caries in the enamel in 38% of their teeth, 48% had superficial dentin caries, and 7.5% moderate dentin caries. The effect of the RBD did not differ significantly from that of the cariogenic diet in terms of the presence of caries in rats fed 60 days. The penetration depth of the caries produced by the RBD was the same as that produced by the cariogenic diet. Our results show that the RBD has the same cariogenic potential as the cariogenic diet. Since the RBD is the only option for the lowincome population, there should be a study of how to compensate for the cariogenicity of this diet.

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“…To compare equal protein loads it is necessary to determine the protein concentration of the samples in a reliable manner. The protein concentration of rat parotid saliva has been determined using the Lowry [9±14, 18,22,35,36], the Arneberg [20,31] and the Bradford [7,8] protein assays. The Arneberg method is more reliable than the Lowry assay for the detection of PRP [31] and the ratio of the respective protein concentration values (Lowry:Arneberg) has been recommended as an index of the proportion of PRP in the saliva [20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 1378 [22] are indicated to the right hand side of pattern A: 1, basic proline-rich protein; 2, amylase; 3, SP-1 (basic proline-rich protein); 4, acidic proline-rich protein; 5, deoxyribonuclease; 6, acidic epididymal glycoprotein; 7, SP-3 (basic proline-rich protein); 8, parotid secretory protein; 9, common salivary protein 1a; and 10, common salivary protein 1b. Arrowheads indicate the major protein spots corresponding to these M r positions.…”

Section: -Dementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conventional carrier ampholytes and IPGs give similar results upon 2-DE of rat parotid saliva but IPGs may improve the detection of basic PRP in studies resulting in marked elevations of PRP [9,10,13,22,35]. Conventional approaches to 2-DE are technically demanding and a further advantage of the Multiphor IPG 2-DE system is its ease of use.…”

Section: Sds-page In Combination Withmentioning

confidence: 99%

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